篇一：英语论文的标准格式
扉页（英文）
Cultural Factors in Chinese & English
Proverbs Translation
（Times New Roman二号加粗 居中）
by
Li Hairong
Wang Zhiyun, Tutor
（Times New Roman小二 居中）
Registered No. 09301040126
Faculty of Foreign Languages
Shanghai Business School
December, 2011
（Times New Roman小二）
论文摘要（英文）及关键词
Abstract
（Times New Roman二号，加粗，居中）
Proverbs reflect colorful national culture in （Times New Roman四号）……… …………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………................................…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
（空一行）
Key words: proverbs; translation; culture; differences（Times New Roman四号） 说明：
1．关键词3-5个，词与词之间用分号隔开，除专有名词外，其他单词首字母不大写，最后一个词后面无标点符号。
2．“摘要”下空一行写摘要内容，摘要内容与关键词之间空一行。
论文摘要（中文）及关键词
摘要
谚语……………………………….................... ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... （英文摘要的对应译文）
关键词：（宋体四号，加粗）谚语；翻译；文化；区别（宋体四号）
说明：
1．中文摘要的内容和关键词应与英文摘要相对应，关键词3-5个，词与词之间用分号隔开。
2．“摘要”下空一行写摘要内容，摘要内容与关键词之间空一行。
Contents
（Times New Roman小二号加粗，居中，目录占一或两页）
Statement (in Chinese) …………………………………………………..I Abstract (in English)…………………………………………………..…II Abstract (in Chinese)...………………………………………………….III I. Introduction ..…………………………………………….……..……1 （一级标题，Times New Roman四号，加粗，“……”与页码不加粗，后面页码应排齐，下同）
II. The Characteristics of Idioms………………………………………2
A. （二级标题，Times New Roman四号，不加粗）………………………………….2
B. …………………………………………………………………….3
III. The Translation of Idioms ……..…………………………………..4
A. Differences between Literal Translation and Free Translation .......4
1. （三级标题，Times New Roman四号，不加粗）………………………………5
2. ………………..…………………………………………..……5
2.1 （四级标题，Times New Roman四号，不加粗）............................................6
B. .........................................................................................................6
C. .........................................................................................................6
D. .........................................................................................................7 IV. Different Cultures in China and Western Countries ……………8
A. .........................................................................................................9
B. .........................................................................................................9
C. .......................................................................................................10
V. Conclusion .........................................................................................11
Bibliography...........................................................................................12
Acknowledgements ...............................................................................13
篇二：英语论文格式范文
Idiom Translation under the Chinese
and English Cultures
Class XXX
Student’s Number XXX
Name XXX
(说明：关键词Key Words为加粗。冒号后加空格再接关键词，相邻词间用逗号分隔。每个关键词的首字母大写。
从“摘要”开始到“参考文献”结束，所有正文的字体均为Times New Roman，12磅；两端对齐。均采用1.5倍行距)
Abstract: Nida, a famous translator, says, "For truly successful translation, it is much more important to familiarize two cultures than master two languages, because words are assigned meanings in its particular cultures."(Background information) This is to say, translation is closely related with not only languages but also cultures. Studies of the cultural distinction in idiom translation are still relatively weak in the field of translation in China. Exclusive research on the translation of Chinese and English idioms is still incomplete. In the last twenty years, idiom translation has mostly emphasized the level of inter-lingual communication, but cultural differences were rarely involved in it.(Identify problem) This thesis analyses the cultural differences in Chinese and English idioms, then studies English-Chinese\Chinese-English idiom translation methods(Research subject) from the angle of culture(Method) and points out some warnings concerning idiom translation: pay attention to context and choose the right version in line with the style and meaning of the original passage(Results); culture is a whole way of life, when new culture emerges, new idioms also appear, therefore idiom translation should develop with the time.(Conclusion)
Key Words: idioms; culture; translation
1. Introduction
Idioms universally exist in every language. An Idiom is a word or an expression that cannot be literally translated from the source language into the target language because its idiomatic meaning cannot be understood by literally defining its component parts.(Background) In a broad sense, idioms contain set phrases, proverbs, colloquialisms, slangs, maxims, allusions, etc. (YinLi, 2007:9) In Chinese, they also include enigmatic folk similes. Newmark, a British translation theorist, in his work A Textbook of Translation, said, "I define as culture the way of life and his manifestation that are peculiar to a community that uses a peculiar language as its means of expression. "(Previous research) English Idioms derives from English cultures and daily life. In real context, idioms explain themselves: nine times out of ten they carry their own explanations. If we are unaware of these, we will find ourselves in a state of confusion since we will assign literal meaning to them. The Chinese Idioms, especially the four-character idioms, have their own unique origins which are closely correlative to the Chinese history and cultures. In view of the difficulties in understanding idioms, we should pay due attention and efforts to understand their cultures and customs. This thesis is designed to dig into the cultural differences between Chinese and English and then elaborates on the translation theories applied to idioms. (Subject + Method)
2. A Comparison Between English and Chinese Idioms
2.1 The Cultural Differences Between English and Chinese Idioms
2.1.1 Geographical Conditions
The formation of culture is closely related with natural geographical conditions. A specific geographical environment produces a specific culture, which also leads to a particular expression.
Great Britain covers islands including the Northern one-sixth of the island of Ireland between the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea, northwest of France. It has a moist climate with much rainfall. Rivers and lakes are numerous. No wonder that fishery is thriving and most important in Britain. Accordingly, idioms concerning fish and navigation constitute a great part in English idioms. (LiYuping,
2008:20)(Theory/Results of previous research)
For example, "like a fish out of water". If you feel like fish out of water, you feel awkward and uncomfortable because you are in an unusual and unfamiliar situation. Fish in the air 缘木求鱼
An odd fish怪人
Miss the boat错过机会
Trim the sails to the wind 顺势前进
A small leak will sink a great ship 小洞不补要沉大船 (Examples)
On the other hand, China is located in the Asian Continent and reputed as an agricultural country with a large population of peasants. It is not surprising to find many idioms relevant to farming, such as "骨瘦如柴，对牛弹琴, 众人拾柴火焰高,竹篮打水一场空......". Chinese people also have a mysterious and awe feeling for sea, so they have idioms like "海角天涯，海枯石烂，海阔天空，海底捞针，海市蜃楼......". (Analysis)
2.1.2 History
………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………….
2.2 The Similarities Between English and Chinese Idioms
………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………….
2.2.1 Colours
………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………….
2.2.2 Numbers
………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………….
3. Methods of Idiom Translation
Translation is far more than a science. It is also a skill, and at the ultimate analysis, fully satisfactory translation is always an art. (Nida, 1982:49) Translation is considered as the cultural bridge and media between two languages. As there are wide differences in vocabulary and syntax between English and Chinese, translation is no easy job. Therefore, in order to keep the flavor of the original as well as cater for both the Chinese and English languages, translation skills should be reasonably employed in the process of translating, such as the following translating methods:
3.1 Literal Translation
………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………….
3.2 Free Translation
………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………….
3.3 Translation with Notes
………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………….
3.4 Replacement with Similar Idioms
………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………….
3.5 The Translation of Corresponding Idioms with the Same Meaning
………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………….
3.6 A Combination of Literal and Free Translation
………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………….
4. Some Warnings Concerning Idiom Translation
………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………….
5. Conclusion
One of the major characteristics identifying us as human is our ability to use language. Language plays a very important role in people’s daily life; it enables people communicate with each other and understand others' feelings. Language has close relations with culture. It is impossible to separate language from culture. As the essence of language, idioms also have close relations with culture. The contents of them range fro
References
[*] 作者. 书名（英语的斜体）. （出版地：）出版社，年份：参考内容页码
[*] 作者. 文章名（英语的斜体）. 刊物名称. （出版地：）出版社，年份
[1] Li Mei. Mother tongue and translation. Shanhai: Shanhai Foreign Language Education Press, 2008
[2] Li Qingming. A Comparison of the Cultures between the Chinese and English Language. Xi'an: Northwest University of technology Press, 2007
[3] Nida Eugene. The theory and Practice of Translation. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1982
篇三：英语论文格式范本
安 徽 农 业 大 学
毕 业 论 文（设计）
论文题目 姓 名 _______________学 号 _______________专 业 指导教师 职 称
中国·合肥 二
oo 年六月
安徽农业大学学士学位论文（设计）开题报告
Image of New Woman in Sister Carrie
Thesis submitted to the faculty of School of Foreign Languages
Anhui Agricultural University in partial fulfillment of
the requirements for the degree of
Bachelor of Arts
By:XXX Supervisor:XXX
School of Foreign Languages, AHAU
May 2011
Acknowledgements
For this thesis, grateful acknowledgement goes first to my supervisor xxx, who took time from her busy schedule and gave me valuable advice on how to choose an appropriate topic, what and how to study. Without her patient reading, careful thinking and expert instructions, the completion of this thesis would be impossible, at least, not so successful.
Besides, I would like to avail myself with this opportunity to thank all teachers and professors in School of Foreign Language, Anhui Agriculture University, whose devoted teaching and enlightening lectures have benefited me a lot.
Moreover, I grateful acknowledge all my classmates and friends who have been supporting me throughout the four years, making my college life colorful and meaningful.
Last but not least, my sincere gratitude also extends to my family, especially my dear parents, who have been working hard all day, supporting, encouraging and caring for me all of my life.
Abstract
Theodore Dreiser is an outstanding realistic novelist in the American literary history. His famous novel, Sister Carrie, has vividly recurred the American life and their attitude toward women during the period from later 19th century to the early of 20th century. In this novel, the author portrayed a successful image of new women, Sister Carrie, who transferred from an innocent country girl to a woman full of desire for material things and emotions. She was brave and smart in pursuit of love and ambitious to be successful in career. Meanwhile, different from the traditional women, she dared to search for independence and freedom in her spirit and life. Besides, Sister Carrie was fashionable enough to challenge traditional ideas, and accept new things and ideas which seemed to be weird and unacceptable in that society. Though she knew that what she had done run counter to the social norms at that time, and would be mocked by people, she did whatever she could to realize her desire and got what she wanted.
Key words: new women；Sister Carrie；desire；independence