篇一：英语经典口译
Interpreting Numbers (1)
I. http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNTIyMjc3MjEy.html
II. Warming up: /retype/zoom/45d1660e5a8102d276a22ff1?pn=2&x=0&y=0&raww=530&rawh=151&o=jpg_6_0_______&type=pic&aimh=136.75471698113208&md5sum=bd7820fd61e0d0a8c7d1ba946637b9e8&sign=3cb6ed7a21&zoom=&png=173-555&jpg=0-77062" target="_blank">点此查看
（2） 包括“零”的数字。例如：
2. 直接转换
如果中文数字是以“万”、“亿”为单位，译员通过掌握它们与英语数字单位thousand, million、billion之间的直接转换规律，就能极大地提高数字口译的速度和准确性。
1） 中译英
中文数字以“亿”为单位时，如果整数部分数字较大，可以直接将数字除以10，再用单元billion来转换，将“445.9亿”译成44.59 billion；如果整数部分数字小，或者带有多位小数，也可以选择将数字乘以100，再用单位million来表示：如将“2.336亿”译成233.6
million；
2） 英译中
? 以thousand为单位的英文数字，如果整数部分数字较大，可以将数字除以10，再
用单位“万”表示，如将248 thousand，译为：24.8万；如果整数部分数字小，或者带有多位小数，采用“补0”法，补位到个数，再划分转换。
? 以million为单位英文数字，如果整数部分数字较大，可以将数字除以100，再用
单位“亿”表示，如350 million译成“3.5亿或者3亿5千万”。如果整数部分数字小，或者带有多位小数，也可以选择将数字乘以100，再用单位“万”表示，例如将1.768 million译成“176.8万或者176万8千”。
? 以billion为单位的英文数字，可以直接将数字乘以10，再用“亿”表示，如将
0.723 billion译成“7.23 亿或者7亿2千3百万”。
3） 直接转换时容易出错的数字类型：
（1） 包括小数点又带汉语的“万”、“亿”的数目。例如：
(2) 一些英语数字的读法，如-teen与-ty, six与seven, eighty与ninety等在读
音上近似，平时训练时要特别加以关注。
练习1) 基数
提示：你将听到一组数字，请把它们记录下来.
练习2) Top ten most populous countries
The country with the largest population in the world is China. According to the 2000 census, its total population, including Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao was 1,294,200,000.
India is the country with the second largest population. Its population was estimated in 2001 to havereached1,002,100,000.
Which country has the third largest population? It’s theU.S.A. Its 2001census showed it had a population of 275,600,000 in 2000.
The fourth is Indonesia with an estimated population of212,200,000 in2000.
The next largest country in population terms isBrazil. Its estimated population was 170,100,000 in 2000.
Russia ranks sixth in population. There the population was 145,200,000in 2001.
The seventh largest country is Pakistan, with an estimated population of 129,276,000 in1999.
The eighth?Japanwith a population of 126,904,000 in2000.
Then comesBangladesh. Its population was 128,100,000 in 2000.
And finally, the tenth largest is Nigeria in Africa, with an estimated population of 123,314,000 in2000.
练习3) Importance of figure interpreting skills
词汇与短语
trillion
billion
at comparable prices
value-added
primary industry
secondary industry
tertiary industry
balance of payments
surplus
actually utilized FDI
foreign exchange reserves万亿 十亿 按照可比价计算 增加值 第一产业 第二产业 第三产业 国际收支状况 顺差 实际利用外资 外汇储备
提示：你将听到一段英文讲话，请你在停顿时（//）以后开始口译。
Good morning, everybody,
As interpreters, we regularly have to deal with a lot of facts and figures. For example, the following are the kinds of facts and figures used in talking about the development of the national economy.//
In 2002, the national economy maintained relatively fast growth. The GDP for the year topped the
10 trillion yuan mark to 10,239.8 billion yuan, up 8 percent over the previous year at comparable prices. The added value in primary industry was 1,488.3 billion yuan, up 2.9 percent. Added value in secondary industry amounted to 5,298.2 billion yuan, a rise of 9.9 percent, and added value in tertiary industry came to 3,453.3 billion yuan, a growth of 7.3 percent.//
China’s balance of payments was in a good state. The trade surplus for 2002 was 30.4 billion US dollars. Actually utilised foreign direct investment for the year was 52.7 billion US dollars, up 12.5% over 2001. By the end of the year, China’s foreign exchange reserves had reached 286.4 billion US dollars. //
Interpreting such facts and figures as those above shows that one needs to have a good mastery of basic figure interpreting skills if one is to be a good interpreter, The interpreter should be familiar with the way figures are expressed in both English and Chinese and note-taking for figures in both ways. One cannot be a good interpreter without hard-work. //
IV. Dialogue Interpreting :对话口译
篇二：口译简介
1. Definition of Interpreting ?Interpreting is an oral translation activity. It is the faithful reproduction in one language of what is said in another language. ? Way of communication ?Communicating through sounds
?Rendering from one language into another keeping the meaning intact
?A task-based activity cutting across receptive and productive skills
2. Past and Present of Interpreting
1). Development of Modern Interpreting ?Paris Peace Conference of 1919
?Nuremberg Trial
?Nov.11,1953:International Association of Conference Interpreters (AIIC:国际会议口译员协会）
2). Professional Interpreting In China
3. 口译的种类与特征
?交替传译(Consecutive Interpreting)
? 随从传译( Personal Interpreting)
? 联络口译(Liaison Interpreting)
?同声传译(Simultaneous Interpreting)
? 视译(On-Sight Interpreting)
?咬耳传译(Whispering Interpreting)
3. 口译的种类与特征
?Features of Interpreting
?Extemporaneousness（即席性）;
?Stressfulness（紧张性）;
?Independence（独立性）;
?Comprehensiveness（综合性）
?Miscellaneousness（多面性）
?口译是技术 也是艺术
4. Basic Requirements for Interpreters
?1). A Strong Sense of Duty ?2). A High Level of Linguistic Proficiency
?3). Wide Encyclopedic Knowledge
?4). A Good Mastery of Interpreting Skills
4. Basic Requirements for Interpreters ?1). A Strong Sense of Duty (Professional Codes of Conduct)
?confidentiality（保密）,
?impartiality（公正）,
?accuracy（准确）,
?objectiveness（客观）
?competence（胜任）.
5. 译员的知识结构
?Lin Yuru et.al
?I = S + C + P
?Interpreting = Interpreting Skills + Comprehension + Production
5. 译员的知识结构
?Daniel Gile’s Formula:
?C = KL + ELK + A
?Comprehension =Knowledge for language
?+ Extra-linguistic knowledge + Analysis
5. 译员的知识结构
Knowledge Requirement Formula: ?KI = KL + EK + S (P +AP) ?KI= Knowledge Required for an Interpreter
?KL=Knowledge for Language
?EK= Encyclopedic Knowledge
?S=(P+AP)=Professional Interpreting Skills + Artistic Presentation Skills
5. 译员的知识结构
?S（P+AP）= Professional Interpreting Skills and Artistic Presentation Skills
?即技能版块=
?职业口译技能---包括记忆、笔记、信息综述与重组、译前准备等，
?艺术表达技能---即以科学的手段、艺术性完成口译过程的技能， 如口译的应对策略就属于艺术技能的范畴。
5. 译员的知识结构
?将译员的知识结构划为“语言知识版块、百科知识版块、技能版块”三个版块可以为口译的培训提供一个课程设置框架，因为上述知识的习得一方面靠译员本人的勤奋努力，另一方面还是要靠专业的培训才能完成。另外，了解口译活动对译员的知识要求，也可为那些希望自习口译技能的学员提供一定的指导作用。
6. Process of Interpreting
?Decoding → Memorizing → Encoding
?(听入解码)(短期记忆)(编码输出)
?
? Preparing → Performing →Packaging
?(译前准备) (现场口译)(译后总结)
7.口译训练的内容
?Daniel Gile’s Formula
For Simultaneous Interpreting
SI=L + M + P + C
Simultaneous Interpreting =
Listening Analysis
+ Short-term Memory Effort
+ Speech Production
7.口译训练的内容
?For Consecutive Interpreting
Phase I: CI =L + N + M + C
Consecutive Interpreting =
Listening Analysis
+ Note-taking
+ Short-term Memory
+ Coordination
7.口译训练的内容
?Phase II: CI = Rem + Read + P
Consecutive Interpreting=
Remembering
+ Note-reading
+ Speech Production
Xiada Model
?A (D+CC) represents the analysis (A), which the interpreter uses in both comprehension of the message and reconstruction of the message. The analysis has two main components, discourse analysis (D) and cross-cultural understanding (CC). The circle overlaps the other two circles because A (D+CC) applies to both the circles, as is indicated by the downward arrows.
?C (SL+K) represents comprehension (C) of the source language (SL) which is aided by extra-linguistic or encyclopedic knowledge (K).
?R (TL+K) represents reconstruction in the target language (TL), which is also informed by extra-linguistic or encyclopedic knowledge (K).
?S + P represents the skills and techniques (S) which an interpreter uses in a professional way and to a professional standard (P) in performing the interpreting.
?I stand for Interpreting.
7.口译训练的内容
? For Consecutive Interpreting:
Short-term Memory
Note-taking
Note-reading
Coping Tactics
Principles of CI understanding
Analysis of Speech Types
Identification of Main Ideas
Reconstruction of Information
Interpreting Figures
7.口译训练的内容
?For Consecutive Interpreting
Interpreting Preparation
Public Speech Skills
Cross-Cultural Communication
Professional Standard
7.口译训练的内容
?
Cultivation of Split Attention
Shadowing Exercises
Note-taking
Listening Comprehension
Reformulation
Parsing Skills
Simplification
Generalization
7.口译训练的内容
Omission
Explanation
Anticipation
Preparation
On-sight Interpreting
Error Correction
Relay
Team Work Skills
Use of Facilities
8. 口译训练原则
?1．技能性原则。口译是一门技术性很强的语言艺术，因此在口译训练与教学中应该以向学生传授“口译技能”为主要训练原则，辅以不同题材的语篇来强化口译技能的习得。学员一旦掌握了口译中通用的技能，通过一定的译前准备工作则可以从事各种题材的口译工作。
?2．实践性原则。任何技能的获得都离不开实践，口译更不例外。充分的、持之以恒的口译实践是翻译技能获得的最重要的途径。许多著名的翻译都是在长期的翻译实践中经过不断地摸索，才获得娴熟的技能的。指导翻译实践的翻译理论也是译家们在实践中总结出来又运用于实践中去的。所以说实践性的原则 是口译技能获得的最基本原则。无论口译、笔译，只有靠实践才能培养出翻译家。
?3．理论性原则。口译技能的训练包括基础理论和基本技能训练两个方面。前者富有指导性，后者具有实践性。翻译理论的意义在于它对实践的指导作用。因此，翻译理论与翻译实践二者的关系是相辅相承的，不应该脱节。翻译实践为翻译理论研究提供素材，翻译理论又反过来指导翻译实践。一般说来，掌握一定翻译理论的译者在从事翻译实践时，往往比对理论一窍不通的人目的明确、方法灵活。所以在翻译技能训练过程中，理论的介绍不容忽略。
?4．阶段性原则。口译是一门艺术，又是一门科学。是科学就要遵循科学发展的规律。翻译技能训练的内容很多，要求也不完全一致，不能一齐抓，不能速成，要秩循序渐进，符合科学的规律。
About the course and demand for Ss
Purposes ?This course in the curriculum is designed for ESL senior students. Students meet twice a week in the classroom for four class hours. Students will be studying E-C and C-E interpretation alternately. Contents ?Interpretation techniques will be the main focus of the first few weeks. And the material for interpretation are from the textbook where themes should be learned include conversations, interviews, ceremonial speeches, etc. Additional audio and video materials will also be included in learning. Teaching Methods
?Students are the center of the classroom teaching where interpretation, presentation and evaluation are the major ac(原文来自：wWw.xiaOcAofANweN.coM 小 草 范 文 网:口译员英文简历)tivities of this class. Students are encouraged to share different experiences and wonderful versions for any piece of interpretation. Since this is an intellectual course, a lot of reading and learning are involved. All the new words and expressions, language points and the reading materials in each unit are the required readings for the students.
Teaching Methods ?Previewing and reviewing are the essential part of the study. Some real theories and skills will be introduced and discussed, but we won’t spend a lot time on them. The real skills actually can be acquired in the practice, so is the competence.
Notice ?This is an introduction course to interpretation, so students are just the beginners. Please do not set a very ambitious goal, and never take you as an interpreter. If so, you will feel greatly discouraged and
frustrated.
Notice ?When sitting in this class, you are supposed to know what interpretation is and what qualifications you are supposed to possess. By doing exercise in class and practice after class you are aiming at learning skills, knowledge and the English language. Then you know you are led into this field and on the way to become an interpreter.
Course Policy
?1. Regular attendance is required. Family emergency is acceptable for once.
?2. The Students should be punctual for each class and get ready when the bell rings.
?3. Students are encouraged to discuss in class so that we can share good translated versions and exchange good ideas for obtaining certain skills.
?4. Good manner and attitude are very much valued and appreciated in this class.
References ?梅德明. 中级口译教程(第二版). 上海外语教育出版社, 2003年.
?吴钟明. 英语口译笔记法实战指导. 武汉大学出版社, 2005年.
Suggestions ?Please get in touch with live English, both from radio or TV.
?Please spend some time reading newspaper everyday, so as to obtain a clear understanding of both international and domestic issues.
篇三：各种职业英文job
receptionist 接待员
typist 打字员
key puncher 电脑操作员
stenographer 速记员
telephone operator 电话接线员
programmer 电脑程序员
system analyst 系统分析员
shorthand typist 速记打字员
office girl 女记事员
public servants 公务员
national public servant 国家公务员
local public service employee 地方公务员 nation railroad man 国营铁路职员
tracer 绘图员
illustrator 汇稿员
saleswoman 女店员
pilot 驾驶员
simultaneous 同时译员
publisher 出版人员
graphic designer 美术设计员
delivery boy 送报员
secretary 秘书
policeman 警察
journalist 记者
editor 编辑
interpreter 通译者
director 导演
talent 星探
actor 男演员
actress 女演员
photographer 摄影师
scholar 学者
translator 翻译家
novelist 小说家
playwright 剧作家
linguist 语言学家
botanist 植物学家
economist 经济学家
chemist 化学家
scientist 科学家
philosopher 哲学家
politician 政治学家
physicist 物理学家
astropologist 人类学家
archaeologist 考古学家
geologist 地质学家
expert on folklore 民俗学家
mathematician 数学家
biologist 生物学家
zoologist 动物学家
statistician 统计学家
physiologist 生理学家
futurologist 未来学家
artists 艺术家
painter 画家
musician 音乐家
composer 作曲家
singer 歌唱家
designer 设计家
sculptor 雕刻家
designer 服装设计师
fashion coordinator 时装调配师
dressmaker 女装裁剪师
cutter 裁剪师
sewer 裁缝师
tailor 西装师傅
beautician 美容师
model 模特
ballerina 芭蕾舞星
detective 刑警
chief of police 警察局长
taxi driver 出租车司机
clerk 店员
mailman 邮差
newspaper boy 报童
bootblack 擦鞋童
poet 诗人
copywriter 撰稿人
producer 制片人
newscaster 新闻评论人
milkman 送奶人
merchant 商人
florist 卖花人
baker 面包师
greengrocer 菜贩
fish-monger 鱼贩
butcher 肉贩
shoe-maker 鞋匠
saleswoman 女店员
stewardess 空中小姐
conductor 车掌
station agent 站长
porter 行李夫
car mechanic 汽车修理师
architect 建筑师
civil planner 城市设计师
civil engineer 土木技师
druggist, chemist, pharmacist 药剂师
guide 导游
oil supplier 加油工
(public) health nurse 保健护士
dentist 牙科医生
supervisor 监工
forman 工头
doctor 医生
accountant: 会计
actor: 男演员
actress: 女演员
airline representative: 地勤人员anchor: 新闻主播
announcer: 广播员
architect: 建筑师
artist: 艺术家
associate professor: 副教授
astronaut: 宇航员
attendant: 服务员
auditor: 审计员
auto mechanic: 汽车技工
baker: 烘培师
barber: 理发师（男）
baseball player: 棒球选手
bell boy: 门童
bellhop: 旅馆的行李员
binman: 清洁工，垃圾工
blacksmith: 铁匠
boxer: 拳击手
broker(agent): 经纪人
budgeteer: 预算编制者
bus driver: 公车（巴士）司机
butcher: 屠夫，肉商
buyer: 采购员
carpenter: 木匠
cartoonist: 漫画家
cashier: 出纳员
chef: 厨师
chemist: 化学师
clerk: 店员
clown: 小丑
cobbler: 制（补）鞋匠
computer programmer: 程序员
construction worker: 建筑工人
cook: 厨师
cowboy: 牛仔
customs officer: 海关官员
dancer: 舞者
dentist: 牙科医生
designer: 设计师
desk clerk: 接待员
detective: 侦探
doctor: 医生
door-to-door salesman: 推销员
driver: 司机
dustman: 清洁工
editor: 编辑
electrician: 电工
engineer: 工程师
farmer: 农夫
fashion designer: 时装设计师
fireman (firefighter): 消防员
fisherman: 渔夫
florist: 花商
flyer: 飞行员
Foreign minister: 外交部长
gardener: 花匠(园丁)
gas station attendant: 加油工
geologist: 地质学家
guard: 警卫
guide: 导游
hiredresseer: 理发师，美容师(女) housekeeper: 管家
housewife: 家庭主妇
interpreter: 口译员
janitor: 清洁工
journalist: 记者
judge: 法官
lawyer: 律师
librarian: 图书管理员
life guard: 救生员
magician: 魔术师
masseur: 男按摩师
masseuse: 女按摩师
mathematician: 数学家
mechanic: 机械师，机修工
miner: 矿工
model: 模特儿
monk: 和尚，教士
movie director: 导演
movie star: 电影明星
musician: 音乐家
nun: 尼姑
nurse: 护士
office clerk: 职员
office staff: 班族
operator: 接线员
parachutist: 跳伞人.
pharmacist: 药剂师
photographer: 摄影师
pilot: 飞行员
planner: 计划员
policeman: 警察
postal clerk: 邮政人员
postman: 邮差
President: 总统
priest: 牧师
processfor: 教授
real estate agent: 房地产经纪人receptionist: 接待员
repairman: 修理工人
reporter: 记者
sailor: 船员，水手
salesman/selespeople/salesperson: 售货员 scientist: 科学家
seamstress: 女装裁缝师
secretary: 秘书
singer: 歌手