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yesterday的近义词

小草范文网  发布于:2017-05-17  分类: 近义词 手机版

篇一:英文近义词

1.smell , scent , odour , aroma 这组词的一般含义为“气味”。

smell是最普通的词,只表示“气味”,至于是香还是难闻,就取决于这个词的修饰语了

He was greeted by an unpleasant smell which convinced him that I was telling the truth.

一股子令人不愉快的气味向他袭来,这使得他相信了我说的是真话。

It is the smell of ripe apples. 这是熟了的苹果香味What a smell! 多难闻呀!

scent侧重表示某物散发出的、通常是使人愉快的气味,有时指某物散发的、有别于其他气味的特殊气味

A baby will stop crying when it smells the scent of its mother's clothes.

婴儿闻到妈妈衣服的味道就会停止啼哭。

He was captured by the hound tracing the scent he left over along the path he had followed.

他是由警犬追踪他在自己走过的小道上留下的气味而被捕获的。

odour有时很难与scent区别开来,因为odour有时也可以表示可据以辨别某物质的气味。但是,odour具有scent所不能表达的这样的含义:浓重的、有时是令人极不愉快的气味。

The odours clung to her kitchen clothes.她衣服上粘着浓重的厨房气味。

At meal times the odour of sauerkrant vies with that of garlic.

吃饭的时候,德国泡菜的气味和大蒜的气味互相竞争着。

aroma通常表示香味,既可以是闻到的香味,也可以是品尝到的香味。

He sat at his breakfast table, enjoying the aroma of coffee.

他坐在饭桌旁吃早餐,享受着咖啡的香味。

take seize grasp clutch grab snatch

都含\"抓、握、取\"的意思。

take 系常用词, 指\"拿、握、取\", 如:take sb.\'s hand 握住某人的手。

seize 指\"突然用力地抓住、握住\", 如: The policeman seized a criminal suspect.

警察捉住一个嫌疑犯。

grasp指\"紧紧地抓住\", 用于比喻意义时指\"掌握\",\"领会\", 如:

grasp a rope 握紧绳子。

clutch 指\"突然抓住\", 常伴有\"急切或害怕的心情\", 如:

A drowning man will clutch at a straw. 将要溺死的人连一根稻草也要去抓。

grab指\"抢夺\"、\"攫取\", 如:

The boy grabbed the apple and ran off (with it)。 那孩子抢了那个苹果就跑了。

snatch 指\"突然快速地拿、取、夺、抢走\", 如:

The hawk snatched the chicken and flew away. 老鹰叼了小鸡就飞走了。 英文近义词

2. see , catch sight of , spot

see的意思是:经过有意识地使用视觉器官才能“看到”

I haven't seen you for a long time.很久没有看到你了。

而catch sight of 的意思是:被看到的东西进入了眼帘,而不是有意识地使用视觉器官

The bull was busy with the matador at the time,but it suddenly caught sight of the drunk who was shouting rude remarks and waving a red cap.当时那公牛正忙着与斗牛士搏斗,但是它突然看到了那个醉汉,而那醉汉正在说些粗鲁的评论话,而且挥舞着一顶红色的帽子。

Don't let me catch sight of you doing it again! 别让我再看到你干这种事了!

spot的含义是从同类的事物中认出某一个来,或从人群中认出某人来(to single out);或者表示“察看到”,这时被看到的目标处于一定背景中,而此目标好象一个点一样。

a wild animal had been spotted forty-five miles south of London

在伦敦以南45英里处有人看到了一只野兽。

The teacher spotted a mistake in his home work.老师在他的家庭作业中看出了一个错误。

He spotted his friend in the crowd.他从人群中认出了他的朋友。

3. see , observe , notice , note , remark , peer , discern , watch

see有“看”或“看到”的意思,是个通用词,使用范围最广。see的使用范围虽然最广,但作为“看”的含义,不用于祈使句。

Look,he's coming.看,他来了 Watch him.Don't let him escape.看着他,别让他逃掉了

As soon as he saw us,he picked up a long pipe which was covered with coins

他一看到我们就拿起了一根镶有硬币的长长的管乐器

observe和notice都有“看到”或“注意到”的意思,但observe强调“留心观察”。

The search proved difficult,for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening.搜捕工作证明是很困难的,因为人们看到的这只美洲狮常常是早上在一个地方,而晚上又在二十英里之外的另一个地方。

In 1948,he went to lake Kivu in the Congo to observe a new volcano which he later named Kituro.

1948年他到冈果的基乌湖去观察一个新的火山,后来他把这座火山命名为基特罗。

而notice则包含着“偶然看到”的意思,其内涵是“看到目的物后要作出反应”。如:看到熟人常常打个招呼,看到一件事后在脑中进行判断。

…I happened to be walking in my garden when I noticed a huge number of snails taking a stroll on some of my prize plants.??我偶然在花园里走着走着,突然看到许多蜗牛在我的一些心爱的植物上悠闲地爬着。 note和remark比notice更强调所看到的事物给大脑留下的印象

After consulting my railway time-table,I noted with satisfaction that there was an express train to Westhaven.我翻阅了铁路时刻表,见有一班去韦斯赫温的快车,甚为满意。

remark有时包含“评论”的意思。如:这部新拍影片的突出的独到之出受到了一些评论家的注意。此句中的“注意”用remark是很确切的

This outstanding originality of the newly-made film has been remarked by some critics.

这部新拍的影片的突出的独到之处受到了某些评论家的注意。

peer的含义是半眯着眼睛好奇地或吃力地细看,尤其是透过例如暮色之类的媒介,或站在遮挡物后面而注目凝视;这种凝视只是对视觉器官的使用,但未必能够看得到

Old women in black shawls peered at us from door-ways.头上带着黑头巾的老妇人从门廊里瞅着我们。

如果经过了一定时间的如此细看最终看到了目的物,那么这个动作便可以用discern来表示了,在口语中,常用词是make out

We discerned the figure of a man clinging to the mast of the wrecked ship.

我们费力地看到了一个人影,悬浮在遇难船只的桅杆上。

In the breaking and remarking, in the timing, interweaving, beginning afresh, the writer comes to discern things in his material which were not consciously in his mind when he began.

在作家的思路中断重新构思的时候,在安排时间、揉和内容、重新开始的时候,逐步领悟到自己素材中的内容,而这些东西在他动笔时心中并不清楚。

watch 表示“观看”或“监视”的意思,一般目的物应处于运动状态。

One day there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in,so it was easier for the detective to watch her.有一天,当那个妇女进来时,该店里的人比通常少一些,所以侦探比较容易监视她。

4. conflictfightstruggle 都含“战斗” 、“ 斗争”的意思。

conflict指“由于严重不一致, 而引起抵触或冲突”, 如:Their account of the causes of the war conflicts with ours. 他们对于战争起因的报告与我们的报告相反。 fight原义是“打仗”、“战斗”, 指“任何形式的斗争”, 特别强调“短兵相接”, 如:The two boys fought. 两个孩子动手打起来了。 struggle本义是“挣扎”, 指“克服某种障碍或困难, 以达到某种目的”, 意味着“处境难”, 如:They were struggling for peace. 他

们为和平而斗争。

5. yieldsubmit 都含有“让步”、“屈服”的意思。

yield 指“在压力、武力或恳求下让步”, 如: yield to demands 对要求让步。

submit 强调“放弃抗拒、屈服于某一势力、权力或意志”, 如:

He was losing the fight but he would not submit. 他战败了, 但不屈服。

6. call , visit , see 这三个词都有拜访的意思。

call所表示的拜访通常不是朋友之间的访问,而是出于公务上或别的什么事情的需要而作的暂短访问,而且完成了任务或达到了目的之后便离去;call at 的宾语通常为house,office等之类的名词,或不用at,不跟宾语. call on 的宾语通常为表示人的名词或代词。call in 表示顺路到某处或某家.

He called at every house in the street once a month… 这条街的每一户人家他每月都要访问一次??。

And now,madam,enough of my tragic personal history! You have called on business. What can I do for you?(-Bernard Shaw) 好了,小姐,关于我的灾难性的个人历史就别再说啦!你是有事来访的。你有什么事呀?——肖伯纳。

I called on him yesterday,but he could not help us. 我昨天去拜访他了,但他帮不了我们的忙.

After crossing the equator,the captain called in at a port to have a new rudder fitted,…

过了赤道之后,船长顺路停靠了一个港口,以便装上一个新舵?。

visit 可以表示正式的访问,也可用于朋友间的亲切的拜访,甚至是旅游家的参观,而访问时的逗留可长可短. Yesterday I paid him a risit.昨天我拜访了他。

At present, they are risiting all parts of the country. 现在他正在全国各地访问。

see 作为访问总用于非正式的而且是熟人之间的拜访.

"I've just arrived by train,"she said."I'm coming to see you."“我刚刚乘火车到达这里,”她说道。“我来看你。”I'll come and see you later. 我以后再来看你。

7. callsummoninvite 都含“召唤”、“邀请”的意思。

call系常用词, 意思是“叫唤某人”,“请...来”, 如: He called the waiter over. 他召唤侍者过来。

summon属正式用语, 指“来自权威人士的召集或传唤”,尤指用于正式的集会或职务方面, 如: The judge summoned me to give evidence. 法官传我(出庭)作证。

invite 指“有礼貌地邀请”, 如: We invited her to our dinner party. 我们邀请她赴宴。

8. cryshoutcallscreamshriekscreechhellowyell

喊”、“大叫”的意思。

cry 属常用词, 多用于“因恐惧、悲哀、祈求、惊奇等而大叫”, 如:cry for help呼喊求救。

shout是常用词, 多用于“因欢乐、赞美、发命令提出警告、唤起注意等而大声喊叫”, 如:

She shouted for joy.她高兴得大声喊了起来。

yell是常用词, 指“因求救、焦急、惊恐、愤怒或其他感情方面的原因而大声地喊叫”, 如:

yell the team to victory用喊声鼓励运动队取胜。

call 为最常用词, 表示“以任何形式呼叫”, 如:Mother is calling me.母亲在叫我。

scream指“由于痛苦、恐惧、惊奇、快乐等而尖叫”, 如:

She screamed when she saw the child fall.当她看见那个孩子跌倒时, 她尖声地叫了起来。

shriek 指“由于极端的恐怖、苦恼、不可控制的忿怒或大笑而高声刺耳地尖叫”, 如:

Suddenly he began to shriek loudly.突然他开始大声尖叫起来。

screech指“发出尖锐刺耳声”, 如:

The brakes screeched as the car stopped.汽车停时,发出尖锐刺耳的刹车声。

hellow 指“大声或愤怒地喊叫”, 如:He hellowed when he was beaten.他挨打时吼叫起来。都含“大

9. firmhardsolidstiff 都含“坚硬的、不易拉弯和失去原形的”意思。

firm 指“组织和结构坚韧、不易弯曲的”, 如: His muscles are firm. 他的肌肉坚实。

hard指“厚或坚硬的, 而不易穿透、不易切割和压碎的”, 如: as hard as a rock 坚如岩石。

solid指“物体的结构很坚固, 密度一致, 坚硬得能抗压”, 如:

Houses must be bulit on solid ground. 房屋必须建造在坚硬的土地上。

stiff指“坚硬而不能弯曲的”, 如: a stiff collar 硬领。

10. storytalenarrativeanecdote都含“某事件的口头或笔头记述”、“故事”的意思。 story 系常用词, 指“虚构的故事”,强调“严密的结构, 可以是散文或诗歌文学形式”, 如:

I like -ries about science.我喜欢关于科学方面的故事。

tale 指“虚构的、古代的或神话的故事, 即使故事有事实根据, 也往往加以演义, 而结构较松散”, 如:a fairy tale童话。

narrative 属正式用语, 指“把真实的事或经历以连续、或有趣的方式叙述成的故事”, 如:

His adventure made an interesting narrative.他的冒险是个有趣的故事。

anecdote指“关于真人真事的有趣小故事, 常以名人的生活为题材”, 如:

She knows many anecdotes of Bacon.她知道许多有关培根的轶事。

11. temporarytemporal 都含“暂时的”意思。

temporary指“暂时的”、“临时的”,如: temporary needs 暂时需要。

temporal 指“暂存的”、“短暂的”,如: temporal matters of but fleeting moment 不过是转瞬即逝的一时的事物。

12. orderlymethodicalsystematic 都含“有秩序的”、“有顺序的”意思。 orderly 指“不乱, 有一定秩序和规则的”, 如:

The books are in orderly rows on shelves. 书籍整齐地排列在书架上。

methodical指“很有规律的, 按部就班的”, 如: a methodical investigation 有步骤的调查。

systematic 指“有系统的”, 如: a systematic study 系统学习

13. pushshovethrustpropel 都含“推"的意思。

push 系常用词, 指“用力推动接触的人、物", 如: push a baby carriage 推童车。

shove 指“粗暴地推开挡路的人或物"、“使劲推动(重物)", 如:

shove a box into the corner 用力把箱子推到角落里。

thrust 指“突然用力地推"、“使透过某物", 如:

He thrust a dagger into her heart. 他把匕首剌入她的心脏。

propel 指“推进"、“推动", 如: a boat propelled by oars 以桨操作的船。

14. miserabledismalsorryunhappywretched

意思都含“极不幸的”、“忧郁的”、“难过的”、“悲惨的”。

miserable 指“由于贫困、屈辱、愤怒或不幸等而引起内心极端痛苦的”, 如:

the miserable life of the poor in the past 过去穷人的悲惨生活。

dismal指“忧郁的”、“忧愁的”、“不愉快的”, 如:

He felt dismal after reading a piece of bad news in the newspaper.

他读了报上的一条不好的消息后心情忧郁。

sorry 指:“心情不愉快的”、“难过的”或“遗憾的”, 如:

I felt deeply sorry for him. 我为他深感难过。

unhappy指:“不快乐的” 、“忧愁的” 、“不幸的”, 如:

He was unhappy when alone. 他独自一人时感到不快活。

wretched 指“由于受伤、疾病、愤怒等而外表上显得极端沮丧、失望或可怜的” 、“不幸的”, 如: What a wretched existence these people lead in the slums! 住在贫民窟里的这些人生活多可怜呀!

15. signmarktoken 都含"标记"、"征兆"的意思。

sign 系常用词, 指"具有一定含义的任何有形或无形的符号或标志, 它的表示可以是实物、表情、动作、文字、语言及任何痕迹或征兆", 如:

There is a stop sign at an intersection . 在交叉路口处有停车标志。

mark 指"为某一目的有意作的标记", 也指"无意留下或自然形成的痕迹", 如:

Suffering left its mark on his face. 苦难的经历在 他脸上留下了痕迹。

token 系较为庄重的用语, 指"把某物当做某种性质、意义、感情或事件等的象征", 如:

Black is a token of mourning. 黑色是居丧的象征。

16. tormenttorture 都含“身体或精神上受痛苦”的意思。

torment指“精神上外于较长期的痛苦或烦恼的状态下”, 如:

He suffered torments from his aching teeth. 他牙痛得难受。

torture指“精神上或身体上所受到的撕裂般的巨大痛苦”, 如:

The criminal is undergoing torture. 犯人在受严刑拷打。

17. journeytriptourvoyageexcursionexpedition 都含“旅行”的意思。 journey 应用范围很广, 指“有预定地点的陆上、水上或空中的单程长、短途旅行”, 一般来说, 它着重指“长距离的陆上的旅行”, 如: He decided to make a journey to New York by air. 他决定乘飞机去纽约。 trip 为一般用语, 指“任何方式的, 从事业务或游览的旅行”, 往往着重于“短途旅行”, 在口语中, 可与journey 互换, 如: He made a trip to the Great Wall yesterday. 昨天他游览了长城。

tour 指“以游览、视察、购物等为目的的旅行”, 常含有“最后回到原出发点”的意思, 如:

He is going to make a round-the-world tour. 他要周游全球。

voyage 主要指“乘船作水上旅行”, 也可指”空中旅行”, 如:

He got seasick during the voyage. 在航行中他晕船。

excursion 指“娱乐性的短途旅行”, 如: She went on excursion to the West Lake. 她到西湖去游玩了。 expedition指“有特定目的的远征或探险”, 如:

They're going to make an expedition to the South Pole. 他们要去南极探险。

18. hastehurryspeed 都含“快速”、“快”的意思。

haste指“ 急速的行动”, 其原因可能是环境压力, 也可能是强烈的愿望, 如:

She made haste to tell her mother the good news. 她赶快将好消息告诉她母亲。

hurry指“仓促忙乱的动作”, 如: the hurry of city life 忙乱的城市生活。

speed 指“快速的动作”, 暗指“不忙乱、有效率”, 如:

increase the speed of an assembly line 提高装配线的速度。

19. boundaryborderboundsfrontier 都含有“边界”的意思。

boundary 指边界线, 主要指领土的边界, 如: -ries of a country 国界。

border 指“边界”, 常指“边境”, 即沿两国边界的地区, 如:

He waited for her at the border. 他在边界等她。

bounds指“具体的界线”, 常用复数形式, 主要用于诗文中, 如:

You must keep your hopes within reasonable bounds. 你必须把你的希望寄予合理范围内。

frontier 指“就一国讲的边界”如:

Sweden has frontiers with Norway and Finland. 瑞典同挪威.芬兰相邻。

20. confirmsubstantiatecorroborate 都含“ 证明或证实...是真实的或准确的”意思。 confirm指“用事实或证据来进一步证实或证明...是真实的”, 如:confirm a rumour 证实谣言。 substantiate指“列举事实以证实某一主张是有效的”, 如:The slanderer cannot substantiate his tale. 那个诽谤者不能证实他的谎言。 corroborate指“ 以陈述新事实或证据来证明...是真实的”, 如:The witness corroborated her version of the event. 证人证实了她对那事件的看法。

21. annoybotherirritate 都含有“使恼怒”或 “使烦恼”的意思。

annoy 指由于干扰、不顺利或受不了某种外界情况等而“使烦恼、懊恼”,如:

I was annoyed by his bad manners. 他的无礼使我恼怒。

篇二:英语近义词大全

英语复习重要的动词近义词:

abandon, desert, quit

1) abandon 的确切含义是失去控制,丧失了占有的能力或“放弃”某物,强调“完全,永远的遗弃”,尤其是指遗弃以前感兴趣或负有责任的人或物,如:she abandoned her child. 她遗弃了她的孩子。

2) desert 表示抛弃自己的天职或应尽的义务,所指的不是把物扔掉,而是人走掉。Desert 的含义是“过去占有过”或“过去是伙伴”。狭义上讲,这个词指“抛弃自己的义务”,强调违背誓言,命令,责任,义务等。如: desert one’s country 叛国;a deserted village 空无一人的村庄;the deserted wife and children 被遗弃的妻子儿女

3) quit 强调“突然弃去”,常指“停止”。如: she quitted her job. 她放弃了自己的工作。

able, can

1) able 可与情态动词(can除外)或助动词连用,而can则不能:

例如:will you be able to come here tomorrow? He must be able to use the foreign language, forgetting all about his own.

2) able 接不定式是,只能接肯定的,主动的不定式,不能接被动的不定式。需要时可以由can代替:

例如:His voice was not able to be heard. (WRONG) His voice couldn’t be heard. (RIGHT)

3) 表示过去某个时间的能力时,不可用could, 应使用was (were) able to .

bring, take, carry, fetch ,get

1) bring 意为“带来”,方向是朝着说话人所在之处的,但有时bring表示的方向是朝着说话人所在之处的,但有时bring表示的方向也可以是朝向说话人曾经待过或将要去的地方;而take意为“带走”即将东西从说话者处拿走。

2) carry意为随身携带,方向不定。它还可以表示“运载(客,货物)”

3) fetch意为“去拿来”,指到别处去取东西或找人然后带回来,由于fetch已含去某处之意,故不再和go连用。 Get 和fetch基本意同,但主要用于口语中。Get如与表示方向的词语连用,其方向随之变化

4) fetch和bring 均含“到某处去拿来”之意,但fetch含有“专程去做”之意,bring则无此含义。如果距离较远时,一般用fetch。

dress, be dressed, be in, have on, put on, wear

1) dress vt. 指穿衣服的动作: 例如:The mother dressed the baby and took her to the park.

2) be dressed in 穿着,指状态: 例如:She is always dressed in the red dress.

3) be in 穿着,指状态: 例如:The boy in sports suit is his brother.

4) have on 穿着,指状态; 例如:He has on a green overcoat today.

5) put on 穿上,指穿衣服的动作: 例如:It’s raining now. Put on your raincoat.

6) wear v. 穿着,指状态。还可指戴眼镜,手套,手表,首饰等。例如:She is wearing his necklace.

drill, practice, train, exercise

1.)drill指反复机械地操练。 例如:They are having a fire drill.

2) practice指不断地反复实践: 例如:It takes a lot of practice to become a good swimmer.

3) train指针对某种目标得培训:例如:The soldiers got trained before they entered Macao.

4) exercise指锻炼身体或心智得练习: 例如:You should exercise more instead of constantly at home.

drink,have,take

1) drink指喝酒,茶,水,牛奶,汤等饮料。

2) have在口语中常用来代替take和drink

3) take用于饮茶,吃药,喝汤等。

divide,separate

1) divide指把整体自然的或有计划的分成几个部分:例如:The teacher divided the class into four groups.

2) separate指把原本各自独立但混在一起的东西分开: 例如:How can we separate oil from water?

die of, die from

1) die of侧重于“因内部原因而死亡“

例如die of cold/a fever/age/feeling

2) die from 侧重于“因外部原因而死亡“,但die of/from都可接具体得表示疾病的名称

例如die from a wound/an accident/drinking

desire,wish,want

1) desire属正式用语,可代替wish和want,强调主观愿望得热切性,含有强烈希望做某事得意思。

例如:He got the book he desired.

2) wish的语气比desire弱,一般用于难以实现或不可能实现的愿望,强调主观愿望,指希望,愿望,想 例如:I wish I could have a new cat.

3) want多用于口语式普通场合,指想要或需要,表示“较弱的偏爱,选择“或”强烈的需要,热爱“

例如:I want a book: 我要一本书

attend ,take part in

1) attend主要指出席这一动作,强调听或看

2) take part in指参加某项活动,并在其中起作用,

例如: He attended the play. 他看过这部剧目。 He took part in the play. 他演过这部剧目。

delay, postpone, put off

1) delay指“暂时阻挠或阻挡,稍后可再继续进行

例如:The steamer is delayed by bad weather.

2) postpone是正式用语,语义较强,指“有意识地延至将来某一特定时间”,在大多数情况下,后面说明改在何时进行

例如:The meeting has been postponed to Friday

3) put off与postpone大致同义,但较口语化

例如:Let’s put this off till some other time. 我们还是把这搁一搁,以后再说吧。

depend, rely

1) depend表示相信某人或某物能给予或提供所需要或盼望的帮助或支持。

例如:His family depend on him.

2) rely表示相信某人或某物会像人们所希望或期待得那样去做或给予所希望得到的东西:

例如:Can we rely upon your help?You can’t rely on the weather here.

rise, arise, raise, arouse

1) arise表示“出现,发生”相当于happen, appear,而rise无此义;表示“升起”,可与rise互换。

2) rise “升起”还可表示“站起,上涨”

3) raise则是及物动词,举起,扶起,提高

4) arouse是及物动词,引起,唤醒。

defeat, beat,win

1) defeat“击败”,战败,指在竞争或斗争中打败对方,但不一定是最后得胜利,一般地指(希望,计划等)受挫或失败:

例如:They are always defeated but never beaten. Black was defeated in the election.

2) beat击败,打败,通常指在各种比赛中击败对手

例如:We beat them by 3 points.

3) win 获胜,赢得,指在赛场上或战争中获胜,或在竞赛中获奖

例如:We won the football game yesterday. Two boys won the prize in the competition.

ruin, damage, destroy

1) ruin指经过长时间的侵蚀而毁坏

2) damage一般是部分损坏

3) destroy指彻底的毁坏,摧毁

sow;plant;grow

1) sow意为“播、撒、播种、种”,其后跟(the)seeds或“植物(结成种状的)”。

例如:It’s time to sow wheat now . Don’t sow the seeds of hatred.

2) plant意为“栽、插、移植”,其后跟作物(多为苗状的)。

例如:He plants rice fastest in the village.The garden was planted with Chinese roses.

3) grow作及物动词时,意为“种植、培植”,后接宾语(不表明种状还是苗状,强调种植后的栽培及管理过程);作不及物动词时,意为“生长、发育”;作系动词时,意为“变得”。

例如: They can only grow potatoes in the fields It grows up straight and thin.

fight about, fight for, fight against, fight with

1) fight about “因……而打架(仗)”,后接打架(仗)的原因:

例如:No one knew what they fought about.

2) fight for “为……而战”,后接打仗、战斗的目的:

例如:The African people are fighting for their independence.

3) fight against “和……作战,和……斗争”,后接斗争的对象

例如:The soldiers were fighting against the flood in spite of the terrible weather.

4) fight with “和……作战(斗争)”,与fight against同义,也可作“和……一起战斗”之意,要根据上下文判断清楚 例如:Great Britain fought with (=on the side of) France against Germany.

provide, offer

1) provide 表示“供应,提供;预防”等,是供应者与被供应者之间一种相对固定的关系,具有客观性。 例如:Sheep provide wool.

The school provide tents, but we must bring our own food.

2) offer 表示“提供;建议;出价”等义,常表示提供者一种较主动的态度。

例如:He offered to help us。 She offered him the computer for $1000.

fear, dread, fright, dismay, panic, terror, alarm

Fear有两个含义,“怕”或“担心”。

Dread总表示由经验而感知的“怕”。如汉语中“一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井绳”,在英语中有与此意义相当的“A burnt child dreads fire.”的俗语。

Fright强调由于受到骤然的震惊而表现出的“惊怕”。

Dismay表示由于某种危险已经逼近而产生的“沮丧”或“惊愕”。

Panic强调难以抑制的“惧怕”,而且常常是某种无根据的或者无道理的惧怕。

Terror表示由经验而感知的极为强烈的“恐惧”。

Alarm指由于危险突然出现而产生的惊慌和恐惧。

prepare;prepare for;prepare…for;be prepared for;be(get)ready

1) prepare sth.意为“准备某事”强调准备的过程或动作,宾语必须是这一动作的直接承受者;另有“配置、调制”

之意。

2) prepare for意为“为……作准备”,for后面的宾语是准备的目的,即所要应付的情况。

3) prepare sth.for意为“为……做好准备”。

4) be prepared for强调准备好的状态。

5) be(get)ready意为“准备好”,着重指准备的结果。be(get)ready to do还有“乐于干……”的意思。

21 notice, take notice of, take no notice of

Notice为“无意注意”。

例如:He suddenly noticed that a snake was under the tree.

Take notice of表示“有意注意”。

例如:Take notice of the snake under the tree.

3)Take no notice of意思是“不理睬”。

例如:He took no notice of what I said.

22 spend,take,pay

1) spend“花费”常用于 Sb.spend(s)some money(time)on sth.或 Sb.spend(s)some money(time)(in)doing sth.其主语一般是人。

例如:He spent 20 yuan on the pen.

I spent a week(in)finishing reading the book.

2) take常用于占用或花费“时间”,其句型为:Sth.takes sb.time 或 It takes sb.time to do sth.

例如:The work will take us two hours. It took me three days to travel to Beijing.

3) pay“付款、给……报酬”,它可作及物动词也可作不及物动词。pay常用于以下几种句型:①Sb.pay(s)sb.money意为“某人付款给另一个人或某人给另一个人多少报酬”。

例如:He pays me fifty yuan a week.

②pay for sth.意为“付……款、给……报酬”。

例如:He has paid for the meal.

③pay money for sth.意为“花多少钱买某物”。

例如:My father paid 40 pounds for the desk.

23 add; add to; add…to; add up to

1) add作“加,增加”解时,既可作及物动词,又可用作不及物动词;作“又说,补充说”解时,与直接或间接引语连用。

例如:If the tea is too strong, add some more hot water.

After a short while, he added that he would try his best.

2) add to意为“增添,增加,增进”。

例如:The bad weather added to our difficulties.

3) add...to意为“把……加到……”,是把前一项加到后一项之后或之中。

例如:Add two to seven, and you will get nine.

4) add up to意为“加起来总共是/累计得”,该短语不用于被动语态。

例如:All his school education added up to no more than one year.

24 agree on;agree to;agree with;agree that

1) agree on作“就……取得一致意见”解。

例如:The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.

2) agree to有两层含义和用法:

A 其一是to作为动词不定式符号,其后跟动词原形,作“同意(答应)做某事”解。

例如: My father agreed to buy a new pen for me.

B 其二是to作为介词,之后跟表示“计划/条件/建议等一类的名词或代词”。

例如:They have a greed to our plan.

3) agree with作“同意某人的意见”解,其后可跟表示人的名词或代词,也可跟表示“意见”或“说的话”的名词或从句。

例如:He agreed with my opinions.

We agreed with what he said at the meeting.

4) agree that作“认为……”解,其后跟宾语从句。例如:

I agree that your composition is very good. 我认为你的这篇作文写得不错。

25 allow;let

二者均可作“允许”解,但各有侧重:

1) allow重在“允许”或“容许”,也可表示客气的请求。

例如: He allowed me to take his dictionary.

Will you allow me to use your bike?

2) let作“允许”或“让”解,主要用于口语,一般可与allow互换。作“允许”解时,常暗含“听任”、“默许”之意;作“让”解时,常含“祈使”或“建议”之意。注意:let之后作宾补的不定式不带to,且不可用于被动语态,而allow则相反。 例如: Please let me walk with you(=Please allow me to walk with you.)

注:allow常用于allow sb.to do sth.或allow doing sth.结构中。

26 argue debate dispute

都含“辩论”的意思。

1) argue 着重“说理”、“论证”和“企图说服”,

例如:I argued with her for a long time, but she refused to listen to reason.

2) debate 着重“双方各述己见”, 内含“交锋”的意思,

例如:We have been debating about the issue.

3) dispute 指“激烈争辩”, 含有“相持不下”或“未得解决”之意,

例如:Whether he will be elected as chairman is still disputed.

27 argue;quarrel;discuss

这三个动词均有“争”的意思,但“争”法不同。

1) argue着重就自己的看法或观点,提出论证,同他人“争论”或“辩论”。

例如:We heard them arguing in the other room.

另外,argue同with搭配,其后接人;与about连用,其后接事物。

例如:We argued with them about this problem for a long time.

2) quarrel是指对某事不喜欢或强烈不满而发生的“争吵”或“吵架”。同with搭配,其后接某人;和about连用,其后接某事。

例如:He often quarrels about their housework with his wife.

3) discuss是指认真交换自己的意见或看法的“讨论”。

例如:We'll discuss the use of the articles tomorrow.

28 attack assail assault charge beset

都含有"攻击"的意思。

1) attack 是常用词, 指"攻击敌人"或"用言论攻击他人",

例如:Germany began to attack the Soviet Union in 1941.

2) assail 指"猛烈连续地攻击",

例如:The enemy plane assailed our defence position.

3) assault 语气比 assail强, 指"突然猛烈地进攻", 暗示"武力的直接接触" (如肉搏等), 也有"暴力"的意思,

篇三:初中常见近义词

初中常见近义词

1. hope/wish

① hope to do/that(有可能实现的愿望)

Jack hopes to be a teather in the future.

We hope that you could win first prize.

注:没有将来时

② wish to do sth./wish sb. to do sth./wish that (不可能或难以实现的愿望)

Many kids wished to fly a kite like a bird when were young. I wish that I was as strong as Li Xiaolong. ③wish还可用于表示祝福,而hope无此用法。

Wish you happiness/a happy new year/a good trip.

2. forget/leave

①forget→forgetful健忘的

②forget to do /doing类似的词还有:remember/stop/keep on/ go on

③ forget 不能接具体的地点,而leave可以

Oh,dear!I left my schoolbag on the bus.

3. maybe/may be/perhaps/probably

① maybe adv.位于句首=perhaps

Maybe you are lost.

② may为情态动词,位于句中谓语动词前,表猜测,“也许”

may be是由情态动词may+be构成

What he said may be right.

③ maybe/may be可以互换

Maybe Kate is the best choice for the speech contest =Kate may be the best choice for??.

④ perhaps

⑤ probably

4. although/though/but

5. hardly/most/mostly/almost/nearly

①hardly“几乎不”常用any连用。但不可用no,nearly,nobody等否定词连用。

hardly any+n复数/n不可数=almost+n复数/n不可数

hardly a +n单数=almost+no+n单数

There are harddly any books on the shelf.

There are almost no books on the shelf.

There is hardly a cloud in the sky.

There is almost no cloud in the sky.

②most adj./adv.→the most a most=very

She is the most beatiful girl in our school.

She is a most/very beautiful girl in our school. most adv.much的最高级;修饰动词

I like summer most.

③mostly“大部分地”主要修饰be/介词短语

The students in our class are mostly girls.

I get up early every day,mostly on weekends.

④almost”几乎,差不多”后面接any/no/never,none,nothing, nobody,every,everyboay,everything??还常跟数词。但almost 不与not连用。

He had almost nothing to do that day.

Almost every student has come.

Almost everything likes the film.

The watch cost me almost 20 yuan.

She had almost no money.(对)

She had almost not money.(错)

注意:almost还可表示“差一点

yesterday的近义词

”修饰动词,形容词或名词。 I almost fell off my bike.

The car almost knocked the tree.

He is almost right.

④ nearly”几乎,差不多”语气比almost弱,nearly不与??那些表否定的代词(any,no,never,none??)连用,但修饰时间词,数量词,和年龄词时,nearly/almost都可以。在not,prety,very后只用nearly.

The car hit child very nearly.

6. look after/take care of/be careful

① look after well=take good care of

Look after yourself when you are away from here. We should take good care of the old.

② take care=be careful=look out”小心,注意”

Take care!The water is very hot.

7. be good for/at/to

① be good for对??有益→be bad for

Reading is good for us but reading in the sun is bad for our eyes.

② be good at=do well in→be weak in

Tom is good at singing while his brother does well in art. I am a little weak in math.

③be ggod to 对??友好=be kind/friendly to

Jay is good to everyone around.

8. make/let/have/help

① make/let/have/help sb. do sth.

We made/let/had/helped Zhang Li sing the English song Yesterday Once More for us.

② have/get sth.done

I must have/get my homework finished every day.

9.spend/pay/cost/take

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