篇一：计算机专业英语期末论文
淮海工学院计算机工程院
实验报告书
课程名： 计算机专业英语 题目： 班级： 学号： 姓名：
Ad Hoc Network
Abstract: Ad Hoc network with the rapid development of wireless communication technology and the emergence of a new type network. This paper introduces the Ad Hoc network concept, features, applications, and other mobile communication system difference and network management issues.
Keywords:Ad Hoc network Mobile IP Network management
0 Introduction
Along with the people to get rid of the wired network, whenever and wherever possible bound can be freely communication desire, in recent years, wireless network communication has been developing rapidly. People can be equipped with wireless interface of the portable computer or personal digital assistant for mobile communication. The present mobile communication mostly need wired infrastructure ( such as base station ) to support implementation. In order to be able to communicate without fixed base station place, one kind of new network technology -- Ad Hoc network technology emerge as the times require. Ad Hoc network need not be wired infrastructure support through a mobile host free network communication. Ad Hoc network has promoted people achieve in any environment free communication process, at the same time it also for military communications, disaster relief and temporary communication provides an effective solution. 1 The concept of Ad Hoc network
Ad Hoc network is a kind of no cable infrastructure to support mobile network, the nodes in the network by the mobile host. Ad Hoc network is initially applied in the military field, it originated from the study of battlefield environment of packet radio network data communication project, the project financed by the DARPA, thereafter, again in 1983 and 1994 were survivable adaptable network SURAN ( Survivable Adaptive Network ) and global mobile information system GloMo ( Global Information System ) research project. Because the wireless communication and the terminal technology unceasing development, the Ad Hoc network in civil environment has also been developed, such as the need in the absence of wired infrastructure areas for temporary communication, can be conveniently through the platform of Ad Hoc network.
In Ad Hoc network, when two mobile host in each other's communication coverage range, they can communicate directly. But the mobile host communication limited coverage, if two are far apart from the host to communicate between them, needs through the mobile host B forwarding can be achieved. Therefore in the Ad Hoc network, a host or router, charged with looking for routing and forwarding message work. In Ad Hoc network, each host communications limited range, so the routing generally by multi-hop, data through multiple host forwarding to reach the destination. The Ad Hoc network is also known for multi-hop wireless networks.
Ad Hoc networks can be regarded as a mobile communication and computer network of the cross. In Ad Hoc network, using computer network packet switching mechanism, rather than circuit switching mechanism. Communications in the host is generally a portable computer, a personal digital assistant ( PDA ) and mobile terminal equipment. Ad Hoc network differs from the current Internet environment in mobile IP network. In the mobile IP network, mobile host can pass through the fixed wired network, a wireless link and dial-up line access network, while in the Ad
Hoc network exists only in a connection mode of wireless link. In the mobile IP network, mobile host through the adjacent base station cable infrastructure to support communication, the base station and the base station ( agents and agents) between the wired network are, still use the traditional Internet routing protocols. While the Ad Hoc network without the support facilities. In addition, in mobile IP networks of mobile hosts that do not have the routing function, just a general communication terminal. When the mobile hosts move from one area to another area does not change the network topology, and Ad Hoc networks of mobile hosts move would lead to changes in topology.
2. The characteristic of Ad Hoc network
Ad Hoc network as a new network mode, has the following characteristics.
2.1 The network 's independence
Ad Hoc network relative to conventional communication network, the biggest difference is that may at any time, any place without a hardware network infrastructure support, rapid construction of a mobile communication network. Its establishment is not dependent on the existing network communication facilities, have certain independence. Ad Hoc network is very suitable for the characteristics of disaster relief, remote communication application.
2.2 Dynamic change of the network topology
In Ad Hoc network, mobile host can optionally move in network. The mobile host can lead to host a link between increased or disappear, relationships between hosts changing. In ad hoc network, the host may simultaneously or router, therefore, the mobile will make the network topology changes, and changes in the mode and speed are unpredictable. For the conventional network, topological structure of the network are relatively stable.
2.3 The limited bandwidth of wireless communications
In the Ad Hoc network without cable infrastructure support, therefore, the communication between host through wireless transmission to complete. Due to the physical property of wireless channel, it provides the network bandwidth relative cable channel is much lower. Besides, considering the competition shared radio channel produced by collisions, signal attenuation, noise and other factors, the mobile terminal can obtain the actual bandwidth is far less than the maximum bandwidth value theory.
2.4 Host energy Limited
In Ad Hoc network, the host is a number of mobile devices, such as PDA, portable computer or pda. The host may be in constant state of mobile, host energy is mainly supplied by the battery, so the Ad Hoc network has the characteristics of energy limited.
2.5 The network distributed characteristics
In the Ad Hoc network without central control node, the host through the distributed protocol internet. Once the network of a certain node fails, the rest of the node a
2.6 Short life cycle
Ad Hoc network is mainly used for temporary communication needs, relative to the cable network, it's time to live is short.
2.7 Limited physical security
Mobile network is usually better than the fixed network more vulnerable to physical security attacks, susceptible to eavesdropping, deceit and denial of service attack. The existing link security technology have been applied to a wireless network to reduce security attacks. But Ad Hoc network distributed characteristics compared with the centralized network has certain
invulnerability.
3. Ad Hoc network applications
Ad Hoc network application scope is very broad, on the whole, it can be used in the following situations:
A ) no wired communication facilities, such as the absence of hardware communications facilities or wired communication facilities damaged.
B ) requires distributed characteristics of the network communication environment.
C ) the existing wired communication facilities is insufficient, need temporary quickly set up a communication network environment.
D ) be a strong backup network survivability.
Ad Hoc network technology research is the first to meet the needs of military application, military communication system is needed, since the group of survivability and mobility. During the war, the communication system is easy to be attacked by enemies, therefore, requires communication system is able to withstand a certain degree of attack. If the use of centralized communication system, once the communication center is destroyed, will cause the entire system paralysis. Distributed system can guarantee that part of a communication node or link is disconnected, the rest can continue to work. During the war, war is very difficult to guarantee reliable wired communication facilities, therefore, through the communication node own combination, comprising a communication system is very necessary. In addition, maneuverability is an important part of the battle effectiveness of the army, this requires communication system according to the needs of the war the rapid formation and removal.
Ad Hoc network to meet the demand of the military communication system. Ad Hoc networks using distributed technology, no central control node management. When the network some node or link failure occurs, the other nodes can also be through the relevant technology to communication. Ad Hoc network by mobile nodes themselves free combination, not dependent on cable television equipment, therefore, have stronger group, very suitable for battlefield bad communication environment. Ad Hoc network is simple to build, high maneuverability. At present, some developed countries to combat personnel equipped with state-of-the-art personal communication system, in bad battlefield environment, difficult through wired communication mechanism or mobile IP mechanism to complete the communication task, but through the Ad Hoc network. Therefore, research on Ad Hoc network in military communication system development has important application value and long-term significance.
In recent years, Ad Hoc network research in the civil and commercial field is valued. In civilian areas, Ad Hoc network can be used for disaster relief. In case of flood, earthquake, wired communication facilities are likely to suffer damage to the normal communication, through the Ad Hoc network can quickly establish emergency communication network, ensure the rescue work carried out smoothly, complete emergency communication needs task. The Ad Hoc network can be used for remote or undeveloped area communication. In these regions, due to the cost, geographical and other causes are often not wired communication facilities, Ad Hoc network can solve these environmental issues of communication in. The Ad Hoc network can also be used for temporary communication needs, such as business meetings in mutual communication among the participants, in the existing wired communication system can not meet the communication needs of the situation, through the Ad Hoc network to complete the communication task.
Ad Hoc network in the study area is also very popular, in recent years network international
conferences are the basic Ad Hoc network subject, with the mobile technology and the continuous development of the growing free communication needs, Ad Hoc network will be more attention, get more rapid development and popularization of.
4.Comparison with other mobile communication system
4.1 Cellular system
Cellular system is the most extensive coverage of the land public mobile communication system. In cellular systems, covering the area is generally divided into a plurality of cells similar to cellular. Within each cell of a fixed set of base station, to provide users with access and message forwarding service. Between mobile users and mobile users and mobile communications between users are required to pass the base station. The base station is generally through the wire is connected to the main body by the exchange of a backbone network. Cellular system is a connected network, once a channel is allocated to a user, usually this channel has been the user. Cellular systems are generally used for voice communication.
4.2 Cluster system
Cluster system and cellular system is similar, is also a connected network, generally belong to the private network, scale is not large, mainly for mobile users to provide voice communication.
4.3 Satellite communication system
Satellite communication system is the most extensive, to every corner of the globe provide communication services. In this system, a satellite base station plays with similar functions. Satellite communications system by satellite location can be divided into geostationary orbit, orbit and the lower orbit in 3. Satellite communication system has high cost, large transmission time delay, such as lack of limited transmission bandwidth.
The mobile communication systems require the wired network communication infrastructure support, such as a base station, switches, such as satellite. Establishment and operation of these facilities requires considerable human and material resources, therefore the cost is relatively high, at the same time, construction cycle is long. Ad Hoc network base stations is not required by the host their own support, networking, therefore, the network built low cost, while at the same time short, generally only a few seconds or minutes. The communication system, mobile terminal is not direct communication between mobile terminals, and only with the transceiver function, does not have the forwarding function. While the Ad Hoc network by the mobile host, between the mobile host can communicate directly, while the mobile host not only to send and receive data, but also transmit data. Furthermore the present mobile communication system is mainly to provide users with a voice communication function, usually using a circuit switching, topology structure is stable. While the Ad Hoc networks using packet forwarding technology, mainly to provide users with data communication services, topology structure is easy to change.
5 Combination of Mobile IP and Ad Hoc network
The realization of mobile and IP is one of the two big trends of the development of network. With the mobile phone use is increasingly extensive and people on the move of the information provided by the increasingly high demand, the hope that more people can access to the Internet whenever and wherever possible.
For Ad Hoc network, network is readily generated and have easy compositionality, does not require prior existing network to support, therefore, a wide range of applications is also very simple. However, this network has a strong independence, it can exist alone, its characteristics and the active, on-demand driven routing protocol makes it difficult to communication with the
篇二：计算机专业英语论文
Methodologies for Adaptation to Process Variations, Manufacturing
Defects, and Transient Errors in Scaled CMOS
Abstract
VLSI technology scaling has spurred a rapid growth in the semiconductor industry. With CMOS device dimensions falling below 100 nm, achieving higher performance and packing more complex functionalities into digital integrated circuits have become easier. However, the scaling trend poses new challenges to design and process engineers. Such challenges include larger process parameter variations and the consequent parametric yield loss, ensuring the reliability of deep sub-micron technologies under soft errors, and reliably fabricating billions of devices on a die.
The objective of my research has been to develop circuit and system level techniques to address process variations, transient errors, and the reliability concerns in deeply scaled CMOS technologies. The proposed techniques can be divided into three parts, highlighted in the next three sections. The first part addresses the issues related to process variations and proposes techniques to reduce the variation effects on power and performance. The second part proposes a novel low-overhead defect-tolerant
approach for CMOS designs capable of efficiently recovering from dozens of defects. The third section deals with the transient errors and techniques to reduce the effect of transient errors with minimum hardware or computational overhead.
1. Variation-Tolerant Design
With the increase of process parameter variations in CMOS technologies due to the processing and masking limitations, power and performance variations become major concerns of circuit designers. Techniques such as the use of forward/reverse body bias and voltage scaling are commonly used to bring down the delay and power consumption specifications in the acceptable range. Variation-aware circuit sizing is another technique used at the design stage to have a more variation-tolerant circuit.
The key goal of this research is to provide techniques for designing more variation-tolerant circuits. We propose to attack the problem both at the design stage and at the post-fabrication stage. The latter requires the feasibility of having ways of specification tuning and a fast and efficient framework that makes the post-silicon tuning attractive. The summary of the proposed techniques is as follows:
Variation-Aware Placement [1],[2]: In this work the huge leakage variation problem was addressed by looking at the effects that the gate placement have in leakage distribution. The work includes algorithms for the placement of gates in a dual-V circuit to mitigate the large leakage variation by reducing the variation caused by correlated within-die process variation. The experimental results on ISCAS benchmark circuits shows how by evenly distributing the low-V gates (which are more sensitive to variation sources such as the channel length variation) across a die, one could reduce the sub-threshold leakage variation as compared to the placement technique with the objective of minimizing wire length. The results show that the sub-threshold leakage variation is reduced by an average of 17% and maximum of 31%. This obtained with a small increase in wire length.
Post-Manufacture Tuning Architecture [3]: In this work, an architectural framework for
post-silicon performance testing and tuning to bring the delay of a die within the acceptable range was developed. Also, a modified form of CMOS gate that can be programmed to work in a low-speed or a high-speed mode is presented.
In the proposed architecture, specific hardware tuning “knobs” (control mechanisms) such as tunable gate supply voltage, or body bias can be employed to deal with the delay and leakage variation. These control mechanisms are actuated by a proposed efficient delay test method that implicitly measures the delay of embedded logic circuits. A hardware framework that can support such self-test/self-adaptation is developed and algorithms are designed for optimizing the various enabling design parameters. This work covers different area from delay testing to low-level CMOS gate design of tunable gates. Simulation results show that using the proposed tunable gates on close-to-critical paths combined with the self-test/self-reconfiguration architecture can improve the delay yield by 40%. This is obtained with little increase in the power consumption
2. Defect-Tolerant CMOS Gate Design[4].
End-of-the-roadmap nano-scale CMOS is expected to suffer from significant defectivity due to manufacturing defects, random process variations, and wear-out. To ensure acceptable yield and reliable operation of the circuit during its life-time, future circuits must be equipped with a significant defect-tolerance capability. Traditional defect-tolerance approaches are too expensive to be applied to general purpose circuits. This work proposes a defect-tolerant CMOS logic gate architecture that exploits the inherent functional redundancy in the static CMOS. This is accomplished by reconfiguring the CMOS logic gate to a pseudo-NMOS-like gate in the presence of a defect. The proposed standard-cell-based defect-tolerant affects recovery in the presence of faulty transistors in the pull-up P-network by reconfiguring into a pseudo-NMOS gate, replacing the faulty P-network with a single P transistor as a resistive pull up. Similarly, a fault in the N-network is recovered from by replacing the N-network by a properly sized single N transistor. The proposed gate design can tolerate multiple defects in either the pull-up or pull-down network. To minimize the routing overhead associated with the reconfiguration, a grid-based two-dimensional routing
methodology for control signals is proposed. The proposed control system can be implemented in the poly-silicon layer with virtually no adverse impact on the availability of the metal layers for the functional interconnects. The effectiveness of the proposed defect-tolerant technique and its impact on circuit delay and power is studied. It is shown that the technique imposes little delay overhead (less than 6%) but incurs leakage power dissipation overhead (less than 20%) in the presence of defects.
3. Probabilistic Checksum-Based Error
Correction [5][6].
According to ITRS 2003, !°Relaxing the requirementof 100% correctness for devices and interconnects may dramatically reduce costs of manufacturing, verification and test. In another word, it is hard to achieve 100%correctness because of an increase in transient error rate. Such an increase is assumed to be driven by the aggressive technology scaling and is associated with the reduced noise margin, power/ground bounce, radiation-induced effect, or because of permanent failures on internal signal lines that are excited intermittently by real-time stimulus. At the same time, the classical fault-tolerant techniques are all proven to be too costly to be used in non-critical applications. Following this trend and the observation that for many DSP applications, it is not necessary to maintain a cycle-to-cycle accurate computation as long as the system level quality of
service metrics are satisfied or degraded within acceptable levels, a real-time probabilistic compensation technique for DSP applications is proposed. The objective of technique is to improve the quality of service of the DSP application, using very little hardware overhead. The proposed probabilistic technique can compensate for errors in combinational circuits as well as the storage elements. Our simulation results on linear filters shows that by using the proposed technique, SNR improvements (up to 13 dB) can be obtained in the presence of soft errorsReference ：
1. M. Ashouei, A. Chatterjee, A. D. Singh, and V. De, A Dual-Vt Layout Approach for Statistical Leakage Variability Minimization in Nano CMOS, International Conference on Circuit Design, Oct. 2005, pp. 567 ¨C 573.
2. M. Ashouei, A. Chatterjee, A. D. Singh, V. De, and T.M. Mak, Statistical Estimation of Correlated Leakage Power Variation and Its Application to Leakage-Aware Design, International Conference on VLSI Design, Jan. 2006, pp. 606 ¨C612.
3. M. Ashouei, M. Nisar, A. Chatterjee, A. D. Singh, A. Diril, Probabilistic Self-Adaptation of Nanoscale CMOS Circuits: Yield Maximization under Increased Intra-Die Variations, International Conference on VLSI Design, Jan. 2007.
4. M. Ashouei, A. D. Singh, A. Chatterjee, A Defect-Tolerant Architecture for End-of-Roadmap CMOS, accepted to European Test Symposium, May 2007, Freiburg, Germany.
5. M. Ashouei, S. Bhattacharya, and A. Chatterjee, Probabilistic Compensation for Digital Filters under Pervasive Noise-Induced Operator Errors, accepted in VLSI Test Symposium, May 2007.
6. M. Ashouei, S. Bhattacharya, and A. Chatterjee, Improving SNR for DSM Linear Systems Using Probabilistic Error Correction and State Restoration: A Comparative Study, the European Test Symposium, May 2006, pp. 35 ¨C 42.
方法适应工艺变化，制造
缺陷，瞬态误差尺度的CMOS
摘要
超大规模集成电路技术的推广已经刺激起了快速增长的半导体产业。随着CMOS器件尺寸低于100纳米，实现更高的性能和更复杂的功能包装成数字集成电路变得更加容易。然而，扩大的趋势带来了新的挑战，以设计和工艺工程师。这些挑战包括更大的工艺参数变化和由此产生的参数产量损失，确保可靠性的深亚微米技术下的软错误和可靠编造十亿设备的死亡。
的目标，我的研究已发展集成电路和系统级技术解决过程中的变化，瞬时的错误，和可靠性深感关切规模的CMOS技术。拟议的技术可分为三个部分，强调在未来
的三节。第一部分涉及的有关问题过程中的变化，并提出技术，以降低变化影响的功率和性能。第二部分提出了一种新颖的低开销缺损容错
办法的CMOS设计能够有效地从几十个缺陷。第三部分涉及的是短暂的错误和技术，以减少影响的瞬态最低硬件错误或计算开销。
1 。变异容错设计
随着工艺参数变化的CMOS技术由于处理和掩蔽的限制，功率和性能的变化成为主要关注的电路设计。技术，如使用前进/后退机构偏见和电压缩放常用来降低延迟和功耗规格在可接受的范围内。变异知道电路上浆用另一种方法是在设计阶段有一个更变异性的赛道。
的主要目标，这项研究是提供技术，设计更变异的容错电路。我们建议把攻击的问题在设计阶段，并在后加工阶段。后者要求具有可行性的方式，调整和规范的快速和有效的框架，使后硅调谐吸引力。摘要拟议技术如下：
变异意识到放置[ 1 ] [ 2 ] ：在这项工作中的巨大变化渗漏处理的问题是看效果，门口放置在泄漏分配。这项工作包括算法安置盖茨在双电压电路，以减轻大的变化，减少渗漏的变化所造成的相关内死亡过程的变化。实验结果对ISCAS基准电路显示的均匀分布的低电压盖茨（这是更敏感的变化等来源渠道长度变异）跨越死亡，一可以减少次临界渗漏的变化相比，安置技术的目标是尽量减少导线长度。结果表明，次临界渗漏变异平均减少17 ％和最高的31 ％ 。这获得了一个小增加线的长度。
邮政制造调整结构[ 3 ] ：在这项工作中，一个建筑框架后硅片性能测试和调整，使拖延了模具可以接受的范围内制定。此外，修改后形成的CMOS栅极可被编程工作在低速或高速模式时提出。
在拟议的结构，具体的硬件调节“旋钮” （控制机制） ，如可调门供电电压，或机构的偏见可以用来处理拖延和渗漏变化。这些控制机制驱动提议有效延迟测试方法，含蓄措施拖延的嵌入式逻辑电路。硬件框架，可以支持这些
self-test/self-adaptation是发达国家和算法设计的优化设计参数的各种有利。这项工作涉及不同地区拖延测试低级别的CMOS栅极设计可调盖茨。仿真结果表明，使用拟议的可调谐盖茨接近关键路径结合
self-test/self-reconfiguration结构可以提高产量拖延了40 ％ 。这是获得很少增加耗电量
2 。缺陷容错CMOS栅极设计[ 4 ] 。
完型的路线图纳米级的CMOS预计将遭受重大defectivity由于制造缺陷，随机过程的变化，和磨损程度。为了确保可接受的产量和可靠运行的电路在其生命的时间，未来电路必须具备的一个重要缺陷容忍能力。传统的缺陷容忍办法过于昂贵，适用于一般用途的电路。这项工作提出了一种缺陷性的CMOS逻辑门的架构，利用固有的功能冗余的静态CMOS 。这是通过改造CMOS逻辑门伪NMOS样闸门存在一个缺陷。拟议的标准单元为基础的缺陷性影响复苏存在缺陷的晶体管在拉个P -网络通过改造成一个伪NMOS门，取代了错误的P -网络与一个单一的P晶体管作为一个电阻拉向上。同样，故障的N -网络是从取代的N -网络由一个适当大小的单个N晶体管。拟议的门设计可以忍受多个缺陷要么拉或下拉式网络。为了尽量减少路由开销与重构，一个基于网格的二维路由
控制信号的方法建议。提议的控制系统可以实现在多晶硅层几乎没有不利影响的可用性金属层的功能互连。效力的提议缺损容错技术及其影响电路延迟和功耗进行了研究。结果表明，该技术对小延迟开销（小于6 ％ ） ，但所产生漏电功耗开销（不到20 ％ ）存在缺陷。
3 。概率校验基于错误
校正[ 5 ] [ 6 ] 。
根据该参考系2003年， ！ °放松requirementof 100 ％正确的设备和互联可能大幅削减成本的生产，检验和测试。换句话说，这是很难实现100 ％的正确性，因为增加了短暂的错误率。这种增加，假设为驱动的技术推广和侵略性与降低噪声容限，电源/地反弹，辐射诱导作用，或因永久失败的内部信号线，很高兴间歇实时刺激。与此同时，古典容错技术都被证明是过于昂贵，用于非关键应用。按照这一趋势，并观察，对许多DSP应用，没有必要维持一个周期的周期精确计算，只要在系统级的服务质量指标满意或退化在可接受的水平，实时概率赔偿技术的DSP应用的建议。技术的目的是为了提高服务质量的DSP应用，使用非常少的硬件开销。拟议的概率技术可以弥补错误的组合逻辑电路，以及存储的内容。我们的模拟结果表明，线性过滤器采用拟议的技术，信噪比改善（ 13
篇三：计算机系毕业论文中英文翻译英文
中英文翻译资料
Visual Basic语言和算术
Visual Basic language and arithmetic
2013年5月
1Visual Basic language and arithmetic
The United States launched the Microsoft Visual Basic (may be referred to VB), is the latest version of the current VB 2008 Beta2 (VB9) Chinese version.
Visual meaning the visual, visible, referring to the development of operating systems like windows graphical user interface (Graphic User Interface, GUI) method, it does not need to prepare a large number code to describe the appearance of the interface elements and location, as long as the pre - The establishment of good drag and drop objects on the screen corresponding to the location.
Basic is actually an abbreviation of the phrase; this phrase is Beginners all-purpose symbolic instruction code, the Chinese meaning "to the initial directive GM symbol code language."
Visual Basic learning, Professional Edition and Enterprise Edition versions to meet the different needs of the development. Study and apply to the ordinary version of the majority of learners and the use of Visual Basic development of the general staff of Windows applications, but; professional version for computer professional development of staff, including the study of functional version of the full content control and Internet development tools such as advanced features ,Enterprise contain not only all the professional version of the content, there are automated tools such as Component Manager, professional programmers to make the development of a powerful group essence of distributed applications.
1.1the summary of Visual Basic
Microsoft Visual Basic,( abbreviate VB )as tool the most of application program one of under Windows operating platform. No matter beginner or professional developer, VB has all offered a whole set of tools to them, Development application program that it can be relaxed and convenient. So VB as most computer first-selected the ABC of programming language of beginner.
"Visual" mean method to adopt visual user of development figure interface (GUI), need and write a large number of code go and describe interface appearance
and position of element seldom, Tow and show controlling part that need corresponding position to get screen can help figure design interface, user of figure,; " Basic" means BASIC language, because VB is developed on the basis of already existing BAISC language.
VB is a kind of programming language in common use of Microsoft, It, including VBA of the numerous Windows application software use VB language in Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Accessed., For users to carry on the secondary development; Make web page use more VBScript script language sub collection of VB too at present.
Utilize data of VB visit characteristic user can establish the data base to most data base forms including Microsoft SQL Server and other enterprises data base With the application program of front, and adjustable service end part. Utilize ActiveX(TM) technology, VB can use word processor, electronic data list he Windows function that application program offers extremely, Excel of Microsoft,, Word of Microsoft,, Even can use by VB specialty edition or enterprise application program and target that edition establish directly.
The procedure that users established finally is a real .EXE file , can issue freely . VB offer study edition, the specialty edition and enterprise edition, use to satisfied with different development demands. Study edition make programming personnel develop Windows and Windows application program of NT very easily. The specialty edition has offered the developing instrument with complete function to programming personnel of the specialty, Include studying all functions of edition in the specialty edition. Enterprise edition allow the professional personnel to establish strong distributed application program in the form of group. It includes all characteristics of the specialty edition. So can choose different editions according to different needs.
1.2integrated development environments
Integrated environment of VB call IDE, made up of a lot of parts , include title board, menu fence, tool fence, controlling part case, And window body window, engineering management device window, attribute window, code window and
window body overall arrangement window body overall arrangement, etc. of designing etc.. Have covered all functions, such as design which develops the application program, editting, compiling and debugging, etc..
In VB, the application program calls the project too. When start VB and open a new project for the first time, can see and pursue integrated development environment interface that show.
Visual Basic Integrated development environment
VB come and organize development of application program through project, use project come and manage and form files of application program. One project uses the environment to make up by several window bodies, standard module generally. The system manages project through the project menu, for instance add the window body, quote . System allow turn on and manage a lot of projects besides.
1.3Visual Basic language brief introductions
Basic use and do the elementary high-level language that used often most. Its full name is Beginner' s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code, abbreviate as BASIC. As its name suggests, Basic one specially for language that beginner design, because it easy to learn easy to know, So the body is popular. Early Basic language to belong to and solve translating type, so can carry out line by line , So it can see the result carried out at once , this is a very convenient design for beginner. But it have concept of structure either, one that is in procedure maintain and management have as much as other language problems. But back-end Basic correct shortcoming of the above (such as Quick Basic), make it may used for and develop the large-scaler procedure too.
The language is the basic composition, which forms VB procedure. VB has stipulated the form of sentences and function.
Grammar:
The sentence defines incantations [Sentence body]
Sentence define agree with and used in fixed function of sentence, sentence body appoint concrete content or want concrete operation that carry out of sentence. All set of sentence VB language, carry on with VB sentence organic association finish a certain specific function the procedure. Interface + procedure can solve a certain
application problem.
VB application program code window write in" code editing machine" generally. " editing machine of code" is like the word processing software of a piece of height specialization, there are many easies function of writing VB code, Pursue to show
[Example Ex-Hello ]In" code editing machine" code that window written.
“Editing machine of code” window
1.4 develop the application program with Visual Basic
Use VB programming, design appearance of application program first generally, write every target procedure code or other treatment procedure of incident respectively, Work of programming should be light more.
The procedure of establishing the application program is as follows:
Establish application program interface
The interface is the mutual bridge of user and procedure, Generally formed of window body and vision frame of the button, menu, text frameset. with standard WINDOWS interface of application program that VB establish. Require according to function of procedure and user and need of information interchange of procedure, Come to confirm that need those targets , plan the overall arrangement of the interface.
Design by each attributes of target in interface
Demand and set up each attribute of target such as appearance, name,, size of targeted. according to interface of planning.
Most attribute person who fetch can set up through the attribute window when design already, Too can set up revising when operating in procedure through programming in procedure code. Have the targets respond programming by procedure code
Respond procedure code of programming target
Interface determine appearance of procedure only, design window add codes through" code editing machine" soon after the interface, Realize some make the tasks, such as responding, information processing,etc. after accepting external message, Add code , realize some response, information processing that make after accepting