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智能家居英语论文

小草范文网  发布于:2017-01-02  分类: 英语论文 手机版

篇一:智能家居(英文)

The smart home of the Internet of things

1.Abstract

Smart home is a house as a platform, the use of integrated wiring technology, network communication technology, smart home system design scheme of safety technology, automatic control technology, audio and video technology to integrate the household life related facilities, schedule to build efficient residential facilities and family affairs management system, improve home security, convenience, comfort, artistry, and realize environmental protection and energy saving living environment. Smart home is under the influence of the Internet content embodiment. Smart home in the home through the Internet of things technology with the equipment (such as audio and video equipment, lighting, curtain control, air-conditioning control, security systems, digital cinema system area, network household appliance and etc.) together, to provide household appliances, lighting, curtain control, telephone remote control, indoor and outdoor remote control, anti-theft alarm, environmental monitoring, hvac control, infrared forward and programmable timing control and other functions and means. Compared with ordinary household, smart home not only has the traditional residential function, both architecture, network communication, information appliances, automation equipment, system, structure, service, management as one of the efficient, comfortable, safe, convenient, environmental protection living environment, to provide a full range of information interaction function. To help families keep smooth communication with external, optimize people's life style, help people to arrange time effectively, enhance the security of home life, even for a variety of energy cost savings.

2.Keywords

Furniture, intelligent and humanization.

3.Intelligent household origin

The origin of the concept of smart home very early, but has no concrete construction cases, until 1984, when the United technology company (United Techno1ogies Building System) construction equipment informatization, integration concept was applied to Connecticut (Conneticut) hart CityPlaceBuilding Buddha city (Hartford), only the first Building of intelligent buildings.

4.The smart home development and related domestic film and television

(1)The 1999 Chinese cartoon "the bluecat three thousand asked," is China's first intelligent residence to smart home, and because the anime made smart home for the first time into the public view.

(2)Asia 2003 "cyclone" look of the smart home is built, to become one of the earliest a batch of people enjoy intelligent life in China, he in the variety show "happy camp" in the show makes people left a deep impression on smart home, countless young people are so interested in smart home, on the Internet of things to learn.

(3) the haier company established in 1997, U - the home team and the world first-class laboratory, in the 2010 Shanghai world expo started accidentally draw attention of the world, and haier has taken "smart home to enjoy science and technology" ads in the domestic storm created intelligent boom.

(4) Domestic smart home after 1995-1999, the bud of domestic product cognition, created in 2000-2005 period, 2006-2010, wandering foreign intelligence lives in active phase (due to create China's smart home too exaggeration and vicious competition domestic smart home is notorious), into the fusion evolution period, the next three to five years, intelligent household entered the stage of a relatively rapid growth on the one hand, on the other hand deal with technical standards began active exchange and fusion, industry merger and acquisition phenomenon began to come out and even become the mainstream. Over the next five to ten years will be a smart home industry development is extremely rapid, but also the most considerable period, due to the housing families become the focus of various industries for the market, smart home as a platform to undertake to become parties to force first for the goal.

5.The working principle of Smart home

How smart home work? To coordinate, coordinate each subsystem, it has to have a very strong compatibility of household processing platform, accept and process control facilities message, and then transmit signal to control electrical appliances and other household subsystem. The image processing platform can be understood as an information center, its function is in the intelligent household system, guide and plan to live in a subsystem of various signals. With it, you can through the phone, or wireless remote control for rapid communication and household subsystem.

Present household processing platform general points three categories, one kind is a set-top box, color TV set-top boxes and combination, and home security system and home automation system, and the Internet into a whole, home appliance control, entertainment, intelligent communication and information sharing, etc. Second, is to use home computer to control all kinds of home appliances, home computer based intelligent household system. Use a computer to run the smart home management software, can provide more advanced control features, realize the combination and condition control. Third, wireless remote control module, module type, ordinary switch can use this module, do not need to the original ordinary switch, socket depth of reform, can quickly become a multi-functional intelligent wireless remote control switch and outlet. By using the module production of wireless remote control switch, socket, use convenient, simple, powerful, users in the 60 meters can be wireless remote control lighting, socket, televisions, air conditioning and other household electrical appliances. With the advent of the 21st century, the modern family is the pursuit of residential intelligent brings the diversification of information sharing and safe, comfortable and convenient living environment. As you can imagine, because the smart home system provide people with more relaxed, more orderly and more efficient modern way of life, therefore, the present and future in the 21st century, there is no network, intelligent household system, like a house without Internet unfashionable.

6.The main products

6.1 Universal remote control You can use the remote control to control the lighting in the home, water heater, electric curtain, water dispensers, air conditioning equipment such as opening and closing; Through the display of the remote control can query in the sitting room and show or bedroom lighting appliances open closed; At the same time, the remote control can control the infrared electric appliance in the home such as TV, DVD, audio infrared electric equipment, etc.

6.2 Network remote control system in the officeon a business trip outside, as long as there is a network of place, you can through the Internet to log in to your home, in the network world through a fixed smart home control interface to control your home appliances, provide a free dynamic DNS. You are on a business trip in abroad, for example, using the nonlocal network computer, log in the IP address of the relevant, in far away you can control your own lighting, electrical appliances to choose a suitable text book.

6.3 timer You can set certain products automatically open shutoff time ahead of time, such as: electric water heater every night 20:30 points automatically open heating, power 30 points automatically shut down, to ensure you enjoy the hot water bath at the same time, also save electricity, comfortable and fashion.

6.4 scene setter As long as gently touch a button, lighting, electric ring automatically perform in your "mind", make every room in the beautiful music is also true of aesthetic feeling, make you feel and enjoy the fashion life of science and technology perfect and simple, efficient.

6.5 security alarm system When a case of, can automatically dial the telephone, and gang related appliances do alarm processing.

6.6 integrated wiring system Through a general management box will telephone lines, cable, broadband network attentive, audio line called the weak current, such as a variety of line unified planning in an orderly state, in a unified management inside the bedroom of telephone, fax, computer, TV, VCD, security monitoring equipment, and other network information home appliances, make the function more powerful, use more convenient, easier maintenance, are more likely to expand new USES. Realize the telephone extension, LAN construction, the sharing of the cable.

6.7 the fingerprint lock Embarrassing: you must have had for some reason forgot to bring the key to the door of the home, or to visit relatives in the home or guest, you just can't get back to immediately, and so on, if the time can in the unit or distant remotely by phone or the phone will open the door, how convenient it is. And, fingerprint lock can also in the unit or distant remotely by phone or phone home "query," refers to a digital fingerprint lock state of "open, close", let you feel more secure.

6.8 pet nanny dial the telephone of home, you can give your beloved pet feeding, can hear its voice, this is a how fun and fashion life! And high-tech level, easy to operate telephone remote

control, automatic timing control, remote control of pet feeding machine...

7. The current situation of the development of intelligent buildings

7.1 theoretical research development relative lag, intelligent building development without scientific theory to guide the intelligent architecture is a advanced technology of emerging discipline, although our country's construction investment and a striking number of growth, but theory far couldn't keep up with the actual development of intelligent buildings, the intelligent theory and related technology research also are mostly based on the research results of developed countries abroad. While in the late eighty s by the ministry of establishment of the civil construction electrical design specification, and has put forward the concept of building automation and office automation, but our country's "intelligent building design standard" (GB/T50314-2000) was enacted in 2000. Before that, a batch of according to designer understand the "intelligent building" in the absence of standard and advanced under the guidance of the scientific theory appeared a lot of problems.

7.2 intelligent building products market monopoly by foreign enterprises, domestic product is hard to stand up In the intelligent building market, our country has not yet developed a set of intelligent building system integration products, foreign system of intelligent building products such as Johnson controls, companies such as IBM, lucent technologies from the sensor, actuator, valves, transmitters, field control station, station, the network server and supply of complete sets of all software, both in product quality and after-sales service than our domestic supplier a class is higher than that of intelligent buildings. In intelligent building, for example, fire control system adopts the Cerberus, Edward, Japan to the United States and Japan agent, building automation products mainly by the United States honeywell, Johnson controls, andover, etc., in the field of domestic suppliers without a brand can compete with foreign enterprises.

7.3 intelligent building engineering technical personnel lack of management level is low At present, the intelligent building is an important problem facing some engaged in intelligent building design, construction, management, maintenance and technical personnel is not professional, but it has to do with theoretical research lag behind in our country, but the main reason is we are in the early development of the intelligent building, driven by interests, domestic at that time the emergence of the intelligent building engineering contracting construction units and individuals. Good and evil people mixed up the units and individuals, some never even professional level, unable to guarantee the construction quality, so that the malignant competition power. Because of the lack of technical personnel at all levels, low management level, combined with the maintenance cost is too high, part of the equipment aging, lack of necessary maintenance, make the design of some equipment operation to reach a predetermined target, causing the waste of resources and equipment.

7.4 overall development imbalance of intelligent building in our country Intelligent construction industry in China after nearly 20 years of development, such as economic development, also with different degree of regional social and economic development imbalance. Beijing is the political and cultural center of China, is a comprehensive industrial city, so in the "capital economy", the

concept of intelligent building industry by leaps and bounds. Shanghai is the financial city, economic development led to more foreign enterprises, followed by the foreign concept of intelligent building and the requirement of intelligent building and so on all contributed to the Shanghai and the surrounding cities of the development of intelligent building industry. As a coastal city of guangzhou, have long become a foreign trade port, the prosperity of foreign trade promoted the cultural exchange of guangzhou and overseas, the development of intelligent building level is high. Therefore, led by the three cities, the intelligent construction level in north China, east China, south China leading in the country. In north China, according to a survey of the intelligent building (33.7%), in east China (28.3%), south China accounted for 20.6%, and intelligent buildings are mainly distributed in the eastern coastal developed areas of the south, also rarely involved in the construction field of intelligence in the Midwest. This gap even if related to economic and social development, but the uneven development in promoting our country whole intelligent building is unfavorable.

8. development and outlook of smart home

8.1 smart home market

With the popularity of domestic broadband business, make families possess the basic condition to the deployment of intelligent systems, made a very good bedding for smart home industry. In recent years the rapid development of smart phones, makes the intelligent application acceptance also greatly improved. The whole intelligent household industry is increasingly mature, the market is growing. At the same time, the system design, installation, maintenance, personal development, system upgrade smart home service needs of the business is growing, gradually highlights its market value. According to relevant data show that from January to July, 2011, keyword searches about the smart home and turned over 5 times more than the same period in 2010, and during the same period rose 33.3% in July. In the search for intelligent lighting, intelligent home control system, intelligent home appliances and other key words gradually replaced the traditional intelligent household, such as intelligent security, building intercom keywords. From which we see in these two years intelligent household market is developing rapidly, user awareness is also increasing.

8.2 the development direction of smart home

As the market gradually opening and the development of The Times, the development direction of smart home gradually from partial technology to the user. Home energy management, user experience, open family information platform and personalized value-added services has gradually become the direction of manufacturers focus on investment.

8.2.1 simple wireless deployment

Intelligent household system, integrated wiring ever make smart home products have been suspended in the high-end of the market. Before decorating needs professional design and wiring is also a major factor restricting the development of smart home. To solve the problem of cable, and the large scale development of digital wireless technology in the world its characteristics such as convenience, flexibility, no blind spots. Maybe a few years later, integrated wiring will become

篇二:智能家居中英文翻译

智能家居

智能家居是利用先进的计算机技术、网络通讯技术、综合布线技术、依照人体工程学原理,融合个性需求,将与家居生活有关的各个子系统如安防、灯光控制、窗帘控制、煤气阀控制、信息家电、场景联动、地板采暖等有机地结合在一起,通过网络化综合智能控制和管理,实现“以人为本”的全新家居生活体验。 基本介绍

智能家居是人们的一种居住环境,其以住宅为平台安装有智能家居系统,实现家庭生活更加安全,节能,智能,便利和舒适。以住宅为平台,利用综合布线技术、网络通信技术、 智能家居-系统设计方案安全防范技术、自动控制技术、音视频技术将家居生活有关的设施集成,构建高效的住宅设施与家庭日程事务的管理系统,提升家居安全性、便利性、舒适性、艺术性,并实现环保节能的居住环境。

又称智能住宅,在国外常用Smart Home表示。与智能家居含义近似的有家庭自动化(Home Automation)、电子家庭(Electronic Home、E-home)、数字家园(Digital Family)、家庭网络(Home Net/Networks for Home)、网络家居(Network Home)、智能家庭/建筑(Intelligent Home/Building),在我国香港和台湾等地区,还有数码家庭、数码家居等称法。

主要特色

2.1 随意照明

控制随意照明控制,按几下按钮就能调节所有房间的照明,各种梦幻灯光,可以随心创造!智能照明系统具有软启功能,能使灯光渐亮渐暗; 灯光调光可实现调亮调暗功能,让你和家人分享温馨与浪漫,同时具有节能和环保的效果;全开全关功能可轻松实现灯和电器的一键全关和一键全开功能,并具有亮度记忆功能。

2.2 简单安装

智能家居系统可以实现简单地进行安装,而不必破坏隔墙,不必购买新的电

气设备,系统完全可与你家中现有的电气设备,如灯具、电话和家电等进行连接。各种电器及其它智能子系统既可在家操控,也能完全满足远程控制。

2.3 可扩展性

智能家居系统是可以扩展的系统,最初,你的智能家居系统可以只与照明设备或目前常用的电器设备连接,将来也可以与其他设备连接,以适应新的智能生活需要。

既便您的家居已装修也可轻松升级为智能家居。无线控制的智能家居系统可以不破坏原有装修,只要在一些插座等处安装相应的模块即可实现智能控制,更不会对原来房屋墙面造成破坏。

主要功能

3.1 一 遥控控制

您可以使用遥控器来控制家中灯光,热水器,电动窗帘,饮水机,空调等设备的开启和关闭;通过这支遥控器的显示屏可以在一楼(或客厅)来查询并显示出二楼(或卧室)灯光电器的开启关闭状态;同时这支遥控器还可以控制家中的红外电器诸如:电视, DVD ,音响等红外电器设备――万能遥控器。

3.2 二 电话远程控制

高加密(电话识别)多功能语音电话远程控制功能,当您出差或着在家外边办事,您可以通过手机,固定电话来控制家中的空调和窗帘,灯光电器,使之提前为客户制冷或制热或进行开启和关闭状态,通过手机或固定电话知道家中电路是否正常,各种家用电器(例如冰箱里的食物等),还可以得知室内的空气质量(屋内外可以安装类似烟雾报警器的电器)从而控制窗户和紫外线杀菌装置进行换气或杀菌,此外根据外部天气的优劣适当的加湿屋内空气和利用空调等设施对屋内进行升温。主人不在家时,也可以通过手机或固定电话来自动给花草浇水、宠物喂食等。控制卧室的柜橱对衣物、鞋子、被褥等杀菌、晾晒等。

3.3 三 定时控制

您可以提前设定某些产品的自动开启关闭时间,如:电热水器每天晚上 20:30 分自动开启加热, 23:30 分自动断电关闭,保证您在享受热水洗浴的同时,也带来省电,舒适和时尚。当然电动窗帘的自动开启关闭时间更不在话下。

3.4 四 集中控制

您可以在进门的玄关处就同时打开客厅,餐厅和厨房的灯光,厨宝等电器,尤其是在夜晚您可以在卧室控制客厅和卫生间的灯光电器,既方便又安全,还可以查询他们的工作状态。

3.5 五 场景控制

您轻轻触动一个按(本文来自:wwW.xIaocAofanwEn.coM 小草 范文 网:智能家居英语论文)键,数种灯光,电器在您的“意念”中自动执行,使您感受和领略科技时尚生活的完美和简捷,高效

3.6 六 网络远程控制

在办公室,在出差的外地,只要是有网络的地方,您都可以通过 Internet 来登陆到您的家中,在网络世界中通过一个固定的智能家居控制界面来您家中的电器,提供一个免费动态域名。主要用于远程网络控制和电器工作状态信息查询,例如您出差在外地,利用外地网络计算机,登陆相关的IP地址,您就可以控制远在千里之外您自家的灯光,电器,在返回住宅上飞机之前,将您家中的空调或是热水器打开?

3.7 七 全球视频监控功能

在任何时间、任何地点直接透过局域网络或宽带网络,使用浏览器(如IE),进行远程影像监控,语音通话。另外还支持远程PC机、本地SD卡存储,移动侦测邮件传输、FTP传输,对于家庭用远程影音拍摄与拍照更可达成专业的安全防护与乐趣。

3.8 八 安防报警功能

当有警情发生时,能自动拨打点电话,并联动相关电器做报警处理

3.9 九 影音设备共享功能

家庭影音控制系统包括家庭影视交换中心(视频共享)和背景音乐系统(音频共享)。是家庭娱乐的多媒体平台,它运用先进的微电脑技术、无线遥控技术和红外遥控技术,在程序指令的精确控制下,把机顶盒、卫星接收机、 DVD 、电脑等多路信号源,能够根据用户的需要,发送到每一个房间的电视机、音响等终端设备上 , 实现一机共享客厅的多种视听设备。您的家庭就是一个独特设计

的AV影视交换中心。

客厅的DVD影碟机、数字电视机顶盒、卫星电视接收机等任意4种视听设备共享到5个房间观看并可以遥控;(卧室房、卫生间、书房等房间任选其二加上客厅) 为您家中的CD/TV/FM/MP3 音源(或数字电视机顶盒、卫星电视机顶盒、IPTV、网络在线电影、DVD等)音视频设备解决共享问题,为您解决音视频设备的异地遥控、换台、音量操作目的,如同您在卧室安装一个数字电视机顶盒(VCD、DVD)卫星电视机顶盒一样的效果,及其方便。

3.10 十 背景音乐系统

简单地说,就在任何一间房子里,包括客厅、卧室、厨房或卫生间,均可布上背景音乐线,通过 1 个或多个音源,(CD/TV/FM/MP3 音源)可以让每个房间都能听到美妙的背景音乐

配合AV影视交换产品,可以用最低的成本,不仅实现了每个房间音频和视频信号的共享,而且可以各房间独立的遥控选择背景音乐信号源,可以远程开机、关机、换台、快进、快退等,是音视频、背景音乐共享和远程控制的最佳的性价比设计方案!

3.11 十一 数字家庭娱乐系统

“数字娱乐”则是利用书房电脑作为家庭娱乐的播放中心,客厅或主卧大屏幕电视机上播放和显示的内容来源于互联网上海量的音乐资源、影视资源、电视资源、游戏资源、信息资源等等。安装“笑仙居数码娱乐终端”后,家庭的客厅、卧室、起居室等地方都可以获得视听娱乐内容。安装简单,用网络面板和一根超五类线连接设备。

3.12 十二 综合布线系统

是通过一个总管理箱将电话线、有线电视线、宽带网络线、音响线等被称为弱电的各种线统一规划在一个有序的状态下,以统一管理居室内的电话、传真、电脑、电视、影碟机、安防监控设备和其他的网络信息家电,使之功能更强大、使用更方便、维护更容易、更易扩展新用途.实现电话分机,局域网组建,有线电视共享等。

3.13 十三 指纹锁

您一定有过这样的尴尬:由于某种原因忘记带了家中的房门钥匙,或是家中亲人或客人造访,您恰恰不能立即赶回等等! 如果这个时候能在单位或遥远的外地用手机或是电话将房门打开,该是多么方便呀!

并且在单位或遥远的外地用手机或是电话“查询”一下家中指数码指纹锁的“开,关”状态,是不是让您更会感到安全!世界顶尖生物识别,指纹技术与密码技术的完美结合,三项独立开门方式:指纹、密码和机械钥匙,安全方便

3.14 十四 新风空气调节

有一种设备既不用整日去开窗(有的卫生间是密闭的),就能定时为您更换经过过滤的新鲜空气哪(外面的空气经过过滤近来,同时将屋内的浊气排除)!

3.15 十五 宠物保姆

拨通家里的电话,就能给自己心爱的宠物喂食,还能听到它的声音,这该是一件多么富有情趣和时尚的生活!研制开发了具有高科技水平、操作简易的电话远程控制,自动定时控制,遥控控制的宠物喂食机??

发展历程

1999年3月10日,微软公司董事长比尔·盖茨在深圳宣布了"维纳斯计划"。这是一项专门针对中国信息产业和家电市场,为中国量身定做的数字生活家电的解决方案。目标是要开发一个新的基于微软Windows CE操作系统的集计算、娱乐、教育、交流、通信和网上冲浪等功能于一体或相结合的产品。其产品最大的特点是价格便宜,易学易用,可满足非PC(个人电脑、微机)用户使用电脑和上网的需求。它是界于电脑和家电之间的产品。

两大部分

6.1 控制网络

如智能家居的基本结构图中右半部分所示,它主要是控制家庭中各种设备的运行状况,如电灯的灭/亮和亮度控制,空调的启/停以及温度和风量的控制,家庭安防系统的讯号采集和执行,各种开关量的输入,电动窗帘的开启/关闭控制,室内各种物理量的探测(如温度、湿度,各种气体含量等),四表(煤气表、电表、水表和暖气的热量表)数据的输出与指示等。

6.2 信息网络

篇三:智能家居中英文对照外文翻译文献

中英文对照外文翻译文献

(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)

译文:

基于热释电红外传感器的智能家居室内感应定位系统

摘要——智能家居,是一种可以通过识别具有不同生活习惯和感觉的住户来提供各种不同的智能服务。而实现这样的功能其中最关键的问题之一就是如何确定住户的位置。目前,研究工作只要集中于两种方法:终端方式和非终端方式。终端方式需要一种住户随身携带的设备,而非终端方式则不需要这样的设备。本文提出一种使用可以探测到住户的热释电红外传感器(红外传感器)的新的非终端方式。该系统的可行性已经通过了测试平台的实验性评估。

索引词——智能家居,定位服务,热释电红外传感器(红外传感器),定

位识别算法

I. 简介

现在由于人人都想有一个方便,舒适,安全的居住环境,因此大家对于智能家居表现的越来越感兴趣[1] [2]。一般来说,智能家居旨在提供合适的智能服务来积极促进住户更好的生活,比如家务劳动,娱乐,休息和睡眠。因此,为了提高住户的便捷和安全,像家用电器,多媒体设备和互联网设备应通过家庭网络系统连接在一起,如图1所示。并且它们应通过电视或个人数字助理(PDA)来控制或远程监控[3] [4]。

图1 智能家居的家庭网络体系结构

尤其要注意的是,作为一种提供高质量的智能服务,目标应集中于定位服务,同时考虑人为因素,比如住户的生活方式,健康状况和居住感受[5]—[7]。也就是说,如果智能家居能识别住户的生活方式或健康状况,那么家用电器应该能预见住户的需要,并能更主动的提供适合的智能服务。例如,在一个被动的服务环境下,需要住户控制供热通风与空气调节系统(供暖,通风和空调),而智能家居将根据住户情况自动调节房间的温湿度。智能家居或智能办公室的各种室内感应定位系统的已经研发到能够识别住户的位置。一般来说,室内定位感应系统根据测量技术分为三种类型:三角测量,场景分析和接近方法[8]。

三角测量法是通过多个已知点来计算位置距离。运用三角测量法的例子包括Active Badges[9],Active Bats[10]和Easy Living[11],它们分别运用了红外传感器,超声波传感器和视觉传感器来实现的。场景解析法是检测一个场景内的特定着眼点。场景解析法的典型例子是使用直流磁力跟踪器的MotiveStar[12],和使用无线局域网络[LAN]标准IEEE 802,11的RADAR[13]。接近法则是以一组已知点中最接近的点近似作为定位点。接近法的例子有使用压力传感器的Smart Floor[14]。

另外,室内感应定位系统可以根据是否需要住户随身携带一种设备来分类。终端方式,例如Active Bats,不需要直接找到住户位置,但是可以感应到住户随身携带的设备位置,例如红外收发器或者射频识别技术(RFID)标签。因此,如果住户没有随声携带终端设备,那就不可能找到他。相反的,非终端方式如Easy Living和Smart Floor则不需要这种设备就能找到住户位置。然而,人们认为Easy Living侵犯了住户隐私,Smart Floor则是扩展和维护都比较困难。

本文提出一种使用阵列热释电红外(PIR)传感器实现的基于非终端方式的室内感应定位系统[15] [16]。红外传感器固定在天花板上,并使相邻的传感器的感应范围有重叠。当它感应到一名住户时,通过多个红外传感器的综合,能够比较准确的确定住户的位置。该系统不仅具有非终端方式的特有优点,还避免了侵犯隐私,扩展性不佳和维护困难的问题。为了证明其有效性,已经在实验平台上通过了各种不同测试环境下的实验性评估。

包括此简介,本文共分为四个部分,第二部分介绍基于红外传感器的室内定位感应系统架构(PILAS)以及定位识别算法。第三部分介绍了基于红外传感器的住户检测法和在实验测试平台上的不同环境下评估系统的表现。最后一部分为总结和结论。

II. 基于热释电红外传感器的室内感应定位系统架构

鉴于智能家居的室内环境,室内感应定位系统必须满足一下条件。第一,由于需要在各种大小不同的房间里安装大量传感器来感知智能家居中的住户,因此定位感应系统需保持较低的成本。第二,传感器的安装必须是灵活可变的,因为各个房间的形状结构不同,并且还有各样阻碍传感器正常工作的家电和家

具。第三,要求定位感应系统使用的传感器能够抵御很强的噪声,这是因为智能家居能利用各种无线传输技术,比如无线局域网,射频系统,它们都会产生电磁噪声,并且光或温度的巨大变化也会影响传感器的正常工作。最后该系统的精度可以,根据房间类型作出最合适的调节。

尽管基于热释电红外传感器的这个系统有诸多的优点,但在众多满足要求的产品中并不能吸引人们更多的关注。它已应用于感应灯(当它感应到人体移动时使灯自动打开),并且成本低于许多其他种类的感应器。另外,由于热释电红外传感器感应的是人体发出的9.4~10.4微米波长的红外线,从温度、湿度和电磁噪声来说,这种波长相对周围环境较为明显。而且,它可以通过调整感应半径来控制定位精度,并容易安装在天花板上,这样就不会受到房间结构和障碍物的影响。

图2显示的是为住户提供基于位置的智能服务的PILAS智能家居框架。在这个框架下,包括热释电红外传感器、房屋终端、智能家居服务器和家用电器在内的各种设备通过家庭网络系统连接在一起。每个房间被视为一个单元,并在每个单元的天花板上安装适当数量的传感器,为定位服务提供足够的定位精度。每个红外传感器周期性的感应住户位置,然后将感应信息通过家庭网络系统传输到房屋终端。因此,房屋终端通过集合来自同一个单元的传感器信息来确定住户的位置,再将住户位置传输到智能家居服务器,服务器就会控制家用电器为住户提供基于位置的定位服务。

图2 PILAS智能家居框架

在这个框架内,智能家居服务器具有以下功能:

(1)虚拟地图发生器为智能家居提供虚拟地图(生成虚拟地图),并在虚拟地图中标出由房屋终端提供的住户位置信息(标注住户位置)。然后,它通过连接住户的连续定位点来绘制住户的运动轨迹(追踪住户运动)。

(2)家电控制器通过家庭网络系统发送控制命令给家用电器为住户提供智能服务。

(3)运动模式预测器保存当前的住户运动轨迹、家电的动作和反映居家环境的参数,比如时间、温度、湿度、光照度。储存足够的信息后,它可能会使家电主动提供满足人们需要的人性化的智能服务。例如,如果智能家居服务器“知道”住户通常在早上7点醒来,之后要淋浴,它也许就会在那一时间打开灯并播放音乐。另外,住户的淋浴水温也会被自动记录。

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