机电一体化英语论文

篇一：2010050 机电一体化系统设计(中英文)(2011)

天津大学《机电一体化系统设计》课程教学大纲

机电一体化系统设计

课程编号： 学 时： 学时分配： 授课学院： 适用专业： 先修课程：

2010050

32

课程名称：

学 分： 2

授课：30 上机： 实验： 2实践： 实践（周）：

机械工程学院

机械设计制造及其自动化 机械设计、计算机系统及应用

一、课程的性质与目的

本课程从功能、结构、控制、通信等多角度介绍 机电一体化系统的构成、原理和机电一体化的共性关键技术，并系统地介绍机电一体化系统中机械系统、 驱动系统、检测系统、控制系统、软件及通信系统的设计方法。

二、教学基本要求

通过授课实验及大作业使学生掌握机电一体化整体系统设计的方法、步骤、机电一体化系统的典型结构、机电任务分配，具备一定机电综合与创新能力。在课程开始时布置大作业，学生在课程进行中逐步完成作业，增强在听课过程中的主动性，使教学与实践相结合。

三、教学内容

第1章 机电一体化系统的基本概念 第2章 机电一体化系统的功能设计

第3章 机电一体化系统的机械结构与传动设计 第4章 机电一体化系统的控制系统设计 第5章 机电一体化系统的信息系统设计

第6章 机电一体化系统设计实例分析（机电一体化系统实验）

四、学时分配

五、评价与考核方式

考试及大作业（期末考试占70%，大作业30%） 六、教材与主要参考资料

机电一体化系统设计，主编赵松年, 李恩光, 裴仁清，机械工业出版社，2004

TU Syllabus for Design of Mechatronic System

Code:

Semester Hours: Semester Structure Offered by: for: Prerequisite:

1. Objective

2010050 32

Title: Credits:

Design

Mechatronic System 2

of

Hour Lecture：30 Computer Lab： Experiment： 2Practice：

Practice (Week)：

Institute of Mechanics

Mechanical Design, Manufacturing and Automation Mechanical Design, Computer System and Its Applications

This course introduces the structure, theory and common key technologies of mechatronic system from the perspective of function, structure, control, information and so on. At the same time, it systematically describes the design method of the mechatronic system’s mechanical system, servo drive system, detection system, control system, software and information system.

2. Course Description

Through teaching, experiment and assignment, the course will enable students to grasp design methods, steps, the typical structure of mechatronic systems, mechanical and electrical task allocation of the overall design of mechatronic system, with a certain capacity of integration and innovation of machinery and electricity. The assignment will be set at the beginning of the course and students can complete the assignment gradually when the course is being carried out, to enhance the initiative of attending lectures and to combine teaching and practice. 3. Topics

Chapter 1 The Basic Concept of Mechatronic System Chapter 2 The Functional Design of Mechatronic System

Chapter 3 The Design of Mechatronic System’s Mechanical Structure and Transmission

Chapter 4 The Design of Mechatronic System’s Control System Chapter 5 The Design of Mechatronic System’s Information System

Chapter 6 The Design Cause Study of Mechatronic System (Experiment Class)

4. Semester Hour Structure

Examination and assignment (Examination 70%, assignment 30%) 6. Text-Book & Additional Readings

“Design of Mechatronic System”, Songnian Zhao, Enguang Li and Renqing Pei, Mechanical Industry Press, 2004

篇二：燃料电池中机电一体化系统英文论文及翻译

Mechatronics in fuel cell systems

Anna G. Stefanopoulou Kyung-Won Suh

Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Michigan, 1231 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA

燃料电池中机电一体化系统

Anna G. Stefanopoulou Kyung-Won Suh

美国MI48109安阿伯市比尔大街1231号密歇根大学机械工程系

Abstract

Power generation from fuel cells (FCs) requires the integration of chemical, fluid, mechanical, thermal, electrical, and electronic subsystems. This integration presents many challenges and opportunities in the mechatronics field. This paper highlights important design issues and poses problems that require mechatronics solutions. The paper begins by describing the process of designing a toy school bus powered by hydrogen for an undergraduate student project. The project was an effective and rewarding educational activity that revealed complex systems issues associated with FC technology.

摘要

燃料电池(FCs)的发电,需要整合化学、流体、机械、热、电和电子子系统。这种综合系统在机电一体化领域提出了许多挑战和机遇。本文重点强调设计问题,提出了该问题需要用机电一体化方案来解决。本文首先描述了本科学生项目为一个玩具校车设计采用氢为燃料的燃料电池的流程。该项目是一个有效和有益的教育活动,揭示复杂系统与FC技术相关的问题。

Keywords

Fuel cell;

Power;

Multivariable;

Feedback control;

Mechatronics

关键词

燃料电池;权力;多变量;反馈控制;机电一体化

1. Introduction

The fuel cell (FC) principle dates back to the early 1800s (Sch?nbein, 1839). Only recently, however, have FCs become a promising alternative to internal combustion engines (ICEs) and thus are considered for transportation (automotive, marine and aerospace) applications and distributed power generation. FCs are very efficient because they rely on electrochemistry rather than combustion. Specifically, water, electrical energy, and heat are created through the

combination of hydrogen and oxygen. The major breakthroughs that have recently brought FCs to the fore-front include the development of low resistance membranes, highly diffusive electrodes, and reduced use of noble metal catalysts. Moreover, efficient power electronics and electric motors can now effectively utilize and distribute the electricity generated from the FC. All these advances have led to many experimental demonstrations. It is the application of mechatronics concepts, however, that will allow the FCs to move from laboratories to streets, powering automobiles, or to our basements, heating and cooling our houses.

1.介绍

燃料电池(FC)原理可以追溯到1800年代初(Sch?nbein,1839)。直到最近,然而,已经成为一个有望替代内燃机,因此被认为在运输(汽车、海洋和航空航天)应用和分布式发电方面很有价值,因为他们依靠电化学而不是燃烧。具体来说,通过氢和氧的结合产生水、电能和热。主要的突破在于最近FCs带来的最前沿包括研发低电阻膜、高扩散电极,并减少使用贵金属催化剂。此外,现在FC可以使动力电子设备和电动机有效利用和分配电能。这一切进展都使得许多实验可以进行。它是应用机电一体化的概念,然而,这将允许FCs从实验室到街道电动汽车,或者我们的地下室,为我们的房子供热制冷。

Our ability to precisely control the reactant flow and pressure, stack temperature, and membrane humidity is critical for the efficiency and robustness of the FC stack system in real world conditions. These critical FC parameters need to be controlled for a wide range of operating conditions by a series of actuators such as relays, valves, pumps, compressor motors, expander vanes, fan motors, humidifiers and condensers. Precise control with low parasitic losses is the challenging goal of the FC auxiliary system. Moreover, estimation and real time diagnostics should be developed to augment the limited sensing capability in FCs. Finally, a snapshot into the FC industrial arena, namely, partnerships and joint ventures among automotive companies, component suppliers, and development laboratories indicates that there is a strong need for modular control architectures. FC vehicles, for example, have an FC stack controller, vehicle (e.g. chassis, cooling) controllers, and an electric traction motor (TM) controller. Guidelines for the hierarchy and the coordination of all these controllers will allow their independent development and ensure a minimum level of integration.

在实际情况下我们能够利用FC堆栈系统精确地控制流动反应物的和压力,温度,湿度和反应稳定性是至关重要的。关键的FC参数需要控制大量的操作条件和一系列执行机构如继电器、阀门、泵、压缩机、膨胀机叶片马达,风扇电机,增湿器和冷凝器。精确的控制这些对于FC辅助系统是具有挑战性。此外,在FCs估计和实时诊断必须增加有限的传感能力。最后,一个简单的FC应用到工业领域,需要合伙企业和合资企业在汽车公司、零部件供应商和实验室发表说明,模块化控制架构。例如,FC车辆,有一个FC堆栈控制器、车辆(如底盘、冷却)控制器,电动牵引电动机(TM)控制器。指导层次结构和协调所有这些控制器将允许他们独立发展和确保最低级别的集成。

The interactions among many thermal, chemical, electrical, and psychrometric subsystems require complicated models that are neither easy to compile nor simple to use in model-based controllers. This paper presents various FC subsystems, their models, and their integration from a controls and mechatronics perspective. The paper starts with a containable FC design project that was

undertaken within one semester by a team of undergraduate students. The FC design is described in detail to familiarize the reader with the FC dimensions and parameter values. Despite the simplicity of the design project, it presents a concrete case study where design and control iterations are needed. The sections that follow the design project provide a comprehensive discussion of the FC system.

需要许多热、化学、电气、湿度子系统间的相互作用的复杂模型,基于模型的控制器既不容易编译也不容易使用。本文从一个学期的学生团队在一个俱乐部进行可控制的设计项目开始,从控制和机电一体化视角介绍了各种FC子系统,其模型,及其集成。FC设计是详细描述以熟悉读者与FC尺寸和参数值。尽管是简单的设计项目,但它提出了设计和迭代控制的是一个具体的案例研究必要的。接下来的设计项目小节提供的全面讨论FC系统。

2. The FC toy school bus

A team1 of four senior undergraduate students in the Mechanical Engineering Department at the University of Michigan designed and built a toy hydrogen powered bus that runs at constant speed around a hilly route emitting only water. The road grades were modeled after a popular university bus route, which is currently served every 15 min by buses powered with diesel fuel or natural gas. The semester-long project allowed us to understand the mechatronics and design issues surrounding hydrogen-powered vehicles. The project and its pedagogical aspects stressed cross-disciplinary involvement and combined control and design concepts for the analysis and synthesis of technologies important to our environment. Fig. 1 shows three of the team members on the day the project was exhibited to the public and the jurors.

2.FC玩具校车

在密歇根大学一个由四个高级本科学生组成机械工程小组设计并制作了一个玩具氢动力汽车,在一个仿照普通的陡坡路上以恒定速度运行大学洒水车路线的,每15分钟由柴油或天然气提供公共汽车动力。这个学期的项目让我们了解机电一体化和氢环境动力汽车的设计问题。这个项目和它的教学方面强调综合分析跨学科联系﹑联合控制和设计理念的的技术我们的环境的重要。图1是三个团队成员的向公众和陪审员展出当天项目。

Fig. 1. Tim, Sarah, and Dave (from left) putting the final touches to their FC toy bus.

图1 蒂姆,莎拉,戴夫(左起)启动他们的FC玩具公共汽车。

2.1. The FC toy bus propulsion

The design goals included a small size (less than ) and light weight toy bus that can run for 3 h on 15% road grades at 10 cm/s velocity. The total project budget was less than $1500. The selection and sizing of the toy FC bus components was challenging because there were few benchmark examples that could provide initial data. Moreover, linear scaling did not apply to the power, volume, and weight of FC vehicles so published data from experimental full-size FC vehicles could not be used. A further challenge was that commercially available FC components in the desired range of size and weight considerably narrowed the design parameter space.

A FC stack of three (3) proton exchange membrane (PEM) cells with maximum power 3 W was found in a FC store (Fuel Cell Store, n.d.). It was fortunate that a FC at this lower power range was available, but it was quickly realized that the FC toy bus would have a very low specific power when compared to full size experimental FC vehicles which have reached 200 W/kg (Friedlmeier, Friedrich, & Panik, 2001). The 3 W FC stack weighed 1 kg with

dimensions . Therefore, the FC stack occupied a fifth of the total bus volume. Moreover, a quick calculation showed that the FC stack weight alone would be 25% of the total weight that the fuel cell could drive uphill at a 15% grade at 10 cm/s speed assuming 20%

powertrain efficiency (9.81 0.15 0.1/0.2).

2.1. FC玩具公共汽车牵引力

设计目标包括在15%道路等级10 cm / s的速度体积小和重量轻的玩具公共汽车可以运行3 h 。总项目预算还不到1500美元。玩具公共汽车组件的选择和涂料是具有挑战性的,因为俱乐部只有很少可以提供最初的基准数据的例子,。此外,实验FC车辆的电力、体积和重量数据并不适用于线性扩展所以无法使用到现实的FC车辆。另外一项挑战是,市面上的FC组件参数范围的大小和重量限制了设计空间。

在北达科他州一个燃料电池店俱乐部发现了三个质子交换膜(PEM)单元堆叠的FC最大功率可达3 W。这是幸运的,一个FC俱乐部在这个低功率范围是可用的,FC玩具公共汽车将会有一个非常低的功率系数,实验FC车辆达到200 W /公斤。3 W FC重1公斤。因此,FC占据总线体积的五分之一。此外,计算表明,假设20%动力系统效率( 9.81 0.15 0.1/0.2 )FC需要占25%的重量,燃料电池可以开车上山15%品位在10厘米/秒速度。

More technical details were obtained from the FC manufacturer. The nominal FC stack voltage Vst was specified as 2.4 V at 1 A of current. The FC stack relied on convection for air (oxygen) feed and cooling without the need for a blower. A low pressure hydrogen feed with minimum supply of 2.2 l/h of hydrogen was required. The specified supply corresponded to hydrogen excess ratio based on the H2 reacted to support 1 A of current. Specifically, electrochemistry principles were used to calculate the rate of hydrogen consumption in the FC reaction based on the stack current , the number of cells n=3,

density the hydrogen at molar

mass , the hydrogen

and 100 kPa, and the Faraday number F=96485

从FC制造商可获得更多的技术细节。名义FC堆栈电压设定为2.4 V在1 A的电流。FC堆栈依靠空气对流提供氧气和冷却而不需要一个吹风机。另一个提供低压氢气供应最少的需要的氢流量2.2 l / h

气反应来产生1 A的电流。具体来说,通过FC反应的堆栈电流

氢的速度消耗,单元的数量n = 3,

氢气摩尔质量

和压强100 kPa,法拉系数F = 96485

equation(1)

方程(1)

Turn MathJaxon

The next step was the identification and sizing of the on-board hydrogen storage. As was the case with the FC selection, the commercially available hydrogen storage options were very limited for the desired power and volume range. A metal hydride storage bottle was found in a FC store. Metal hydride tanks were chosen as alternatives to the liquefied cryogenic or compressed hydrogen storage. Metal hydride absorbs hydrogen and releases heat as the tank is filled with hydrogen. Conversely, the hydrogen is released by reducing the pressure and generating heat (Jeong & Oh, 2002).

下一步是识别和分级的车载储氢。的情况也是FC选择、商用氢存储选项非常有限,所需的功率和体积范围。俱乐部在一个商店发现金属氢化物存储瓶。金属氢化物被选为替代液化气低温或压缩储氢。充满了氢气槽金属氢化吸收氢和释放热量。相反,氢释放通过减少压力和生成热(Jeong & Oh, 2002)。

The metal hydride bottle was specified as absorbing and releasing 20 l of hydrogen in a volume of 0.74 l and weighed 366 g. The bottle could provide nine continuous hours of run time, based on a supply rate of 2.2 l/h required by the 3 W FC. The manufacturer suggested operating the FC stack without restricting the anode exit and thus maximizing the supply rate. This mode of operation is also known as “open-ended anode”. The actual running time that was finally achieved by the FC toy bus was 3.6 times lower than expected, indicating high hydrogen losses or lower stored H2 volume.

瓶金属氢化物重366 g设定为20 l的吸收和释放氢的体积的0.74 l。瓶子可以提供9个连续数小时的运行时,基于供应率的2.2 l / h所需要的3 W FC。制造商建议的操作FC堆栈没有限制出口,从而最大化阳极供应率。这种方式的操作也称为“开放式阳极”。通过FC玩具公共汽车实际的运行时间,是低于预期的3.6倍,表明提高氢损失或降低存储H2体积。

The chassis was designed and laser cut out of 0.25″ thick plexiglass. Several layers were stacked and fused with methylene chloride solvent to support the weight of the FC and electronics and prevent excessive bending. The FC stack was placed in the front of the vehicle to allow 。供应过量空气和确定的与氢用电化学原理来计算、在

氢密度

篇三：机电一体化中英文对照外文翻译文献

中英文对照外文翻译文献

(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)

By integration of machinery development

The modern science and technology unceasing development, impelled different discipline intersecting enormously with the seepage, has caused the project domain technological revolution and the transformation, in mechanical engineering domain, because the microelectronic technology and the computer technology rapid development and forms to the mechanical industry seepage the integration of machinery, caused the mechanical industry the technical

structure, the product organization, the function and the constitution, the production method and the management system has had the huge change, caused the industrial production to enter into “the integration of machinery” by “the machinery electrification” for the character(原文来自：wWw.xiaOcAofANweN.coM 小 草 范 文 网:机电一体化英语论文)istic development phase.

First, the integration of machinery outline

Integration of machinery is refers in the organization new owner function, the power function, in the information processing function and the control function introduces the electronic technology, unifies the system the mechanism and the computerization design and the software which constitutes always to call.

Integration of machinery is refers in the organization new owner function, the power function, in the information processing function and the control function introduces the electronic technology, unifies the system the mechanism and the computerization design and the software which constitutes always to call.

The integration of machinery development also has become one to have until now own system new discipline, not only develops along with the science and technology, but also entrusts with the new content, but its basic characteristic may summarize is: The integration of machinery is embarks from the system viewpoint, synthesis community technologies and so on utilization mechanical technology, microelectronic technology, automatic control technology, computer technology, information technology, sensing observation and control technology, electric power electronic technology, connection technology, information conversion technology as well as software programming technology, according to the system function goal and the optimized organization goal, reasonable disposition and the layout various functions unit, in multi-purpose, high grade, redundant reliable, in the low energy consumption significance realize the specific function value, and causes the overall system optimization the systems engineering technology, from this produces function system, then becomes an integration of machinery systematic or the integration of machinery product.

Therefore, “the integration of machinery” covering “the technology” and “the product” two aspects, only are, the integration of machinery technology is based on the above community technology organic fusion one kind of comprehensive technology, but is not mechanical technical, the microelectronic technology as well as other new technical simple combination, pieces together, this is the integration of machinery and the machinery adds the machinery electrification which the electricity forms in the concept basic difference, the mechanical engineering technology has the merely technical to develop the machinery electrification, still was the traditional machinery, its main function still was replaces with the enlargement physical strength, after but developed the integration of machinery, micro electron installment eliminated may substitute for certain mechanical parts original Outside function, but also can entrust with many new functions, like the automatic detection, the automatic reduction information, demonstrate the record, the automatic control and the control automatic diagnosis and the protection automatically and so on, not only namely the integration of machinery product is human's hand and body extending, human's sense organ and the brains look, has the intellectualized characterist

ic is the integration of machinery and the machinery electrification distinguishes in the function essence.

Second, the integration of machinery development condition

Integration of machinery development may divide into 3 stages roughly, 20th century 60's before for the first stage, this stage is called the initial stage, in this time, the people determination not on own initiative uses the electronic technology the preliminary achievement to consummate the mechanical product the performance, specially in Second World War period, the war has stimulated the mechanical product and the electronic technology union, these mechanical and electrical union military technology, postwar transfers civilly, to the postwar economical restoration positive function, has developed and the development at that time generally speaking also is at the spontaneous condition, because at that time the electronic technology development not yet achieved certainly Level. Mechanical technical and electronic technology union also not impossible widespread and thorough development, already developed the product was also unable to promote massively.

The 20th century 70~80 ages for the second stage, may be called the vigorous development stage, this time, the computer technology, the control technology, the communication development, has laid the technology base for the integration of machinery development, large-scale, ultra large scale integrated circuit and microcomputer swift and violent development, has provided the full material base for the integration of machinery development, this time characteristic is:①A mechatronics word first generally is accepted in Japan, probably obtains the quite widespread acknowledgment to 1980s last stages in the worldwide scale;②The integration of machinery technology and the product obtained the enormous development;③The various countries start to the integration of machinery technology and the product give the very big attention and the support. 1990s later periods, started the integration of machinery technology the new stage which makes great strides forward to the intellectualized direction, the integration of machinery enters the thorough development time, on the one hand, optics, the communication and so on entered the integration of machinery, processes the technology also zhan to appear tiny in the integration of machinery the foot, appeared the light integration of machinery and the micro integration of machinery and so on the new branch; On the other hand to the integration of machinery system modelling design, the analysis and the integrated method, the integration of machinery discipline system and the trend of development has all conducted the thorough research, simultaneously, because domains and so on artificial intelligence technology, neural network technology and optical fiber technology obtain the huge progress, opened the development vast world for the integration of machinery technology,

these research, will urge the integration of machinery further to establish the integrity the foundation and forms the integrity gradually the scientific system.

Third, the integration of machinery trend of development

Integration of machinery is the collection machinery, the electron, optics, the control, the computer, the information and so on the multi-disciplinary overlapping syntheses, its development and the progress rely on and promote the correlation technology development and the progress, therefore, the integration of machinery main development direction is as follows:

3.1Intellectualized

Intellectualization is a 21st century integration of machinery technological development important development direction, the artificial intelligence obtains day by day in the integration of machinery constructor's research takes, the robot and the numerical control engine bed intellectualization is the important application, here said “the intellectualization” is to the machine behavior description, is in the control theory foundation, the absorption artificial intelligence, the operations research, the computer science, the fuzzy mathematics, the psychology, the physiology and the chaos dynamics and so on the new thought, the new method, simulate the human intelligence, enable it to have abilities and so on judgment inference, logical thinking, independent decision-making, obtains the higher control goal in order to, indeed, enable the integration of machinery product to have With the human identical intelligence, is not impossible, also is nonessential, but, the high performance, the high speed microprocessor enable the integration of machinery product to have .preliminary intelligent or human's partial intelligences, then is completely possible and essential.

3.2 Modular

Modulations are one item important and the arduous project, because the integration of machinery product type and the manufacturer are many, but the development and the development have standard mechanical connection, electrical connection, power connection, the environment connection integration of machinery product unit are an item extremely complex also are the extremely important matters, like the development collection deceleration, the intelligent velocity modulation, the electrical machinery in a body power unit, have function and so on vision, imagery processing, recognition and range finder control units, as well as each kind can complete the model operation the mechanism, like this, may use the standard unit to develop the new product rapidly, simultaneously also may expand the scale of production, this need formulation Each stan

dard, in order to various parts, the unit match and the connection, as a result of the conflicts of interest, very will be difficult to formulate international or the domestic this aspect standard in the near future, but might through set up some big enterprises to

8 form gradually, obviously, the advantage which from the electrical product standardization, the seriation will bring may affirm, regardless of will be to produces the standard integration of machinery unit the enterprise to produce the integration of machinery product the enterprise, the formalization will give the integration of machinery enterprise to bring the happy future

3.3 Network

1990s, the computer technology and so on the prominent achievement was the networking, networking starting with the rapid development for the science and technology, the industrial production, political, the military, the education magnanimous act person daily life has all brought the huge transformation, each kind of network the global economy, the production linked up into a single stretch, enterprise's competition will also globalize, once the integration of machinery new product developed, so long as its function were original, the quality was reliable, very quick could the best-selling whole world, as a result of the network popularization, was on the rise based on network each kind of long-distance control and the surveillance technology, but long-distance control terminal device itself will be the integration of machinery product, the field busWas the domestic electric appliances network has 9 become the situation with the local area network technology, connected using the family network each kind of domestic electric appliances take the computer as the central computer integration electrical appliances system, caused the people at home to share the inconvenience and the joy which each kind of high-tech brought, therefore, the integration of machinery product faced the network direction to develop without doubt.

3.4 Microminiaturized

Microminiaturization emerge in the end of 1980s, refers is the integration of machinery to the miniature machine and the microscopic domain development tendency, overseas name it micro electron mechanical system (MEMS), makes a general reference the geometry size not to surpass 1cm3 the integration of machinery product, and to micron, the nanometer level development, the micro integration of machinery product volume small, consumes energy few, the movement is nimble, in aspects and so on biological medical service, military, information has the incomparable superiority, the micro integration of machinery development bottleneck lies in the micro mec