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access,vba数据库高效开发范例应用

小草范文网  发布于:2016-12-21  分类: 范例 手机版

篇一:Excel+VBA与数据库(Access)整合笔记

1-1 利用DAO创建数据库和数据表

1. 首先建立对DAO对象库Microsoft DAO3.6 Object Library的引用.在VBA界面下:

工具-?引用,选中‖Microsoft DAO3.6 Object Library‖

2. 代码:

Public Sub1_1()

Dim myDb As DAO.Database ?定义DAO的Database(数据库)对象变量

Dim myTbl As DAO.TableDef ?定义DAO的TableDef(数据表)对象变量

Dim myData As String?定义数据库名称变量

Dim myTable As String ?定义数据表名称变量

?设置要创建的数据库名称(包括完整路径)

myData=ThisWorkbook.Path & ―\学生成绩管理.mdb‖

?设置要创建的数据表名称

myTable=‖期末成绩‖

?删除已经存在的数据库文件

on error resume next

kill myData

on error goto 0

?创建数据库

Set myDb=CreateDatabase(myData,dbLangChineseSimplified)

?创建数据表

Set myTbl=myDb.CreateTableDef(myTable)

?为创建的数据表添加各个字段

With myTbl

.Fields.Append .CreateField(―学号‖,dbText,10)

.Fields.Append .CreateField(―姓名‖,dbText,6)

.Fields.Append .CreateField(―性别‖,dbText,1)

.Fields.Append .CreateField(―班级‖,dbText,10)

.Fields.Append .CreateField(―数学‖,dbSingle)

.Fields.Append .CreateField(―语文‖,dbSingle)

.Fields.Append .CreateField(―物理‖,dbSingle)

.Fields.Append .CreateField(―化学‖,dbSingle)

.Fields.Append .CreateField(―英语‖,dbSingle)

.Fields.Append .CreateField(―总分‖,dbSingle)

End With

?将创建的数据表添加到数据库的TableDefs集合中

myDb.TableDefs.Append myTbl

?关闭数据库,并释放变量

myDb.Close

Set myDb=Nothing

Set myTbl=Nothing

?弹出信息

MsgBox‖创建数据库成功!‖ & vbCrLf & ―数据库文件名为:‖ & myData & vbCrLf & ―数据表名称为:‖ & myTable & vbCrLf & ―保存位置:‖ & ThisWorkbook.Path,vbInformation,‖创建数据库‖

End sub

注:

·CreateDatabase方法创建数据库

set mydb=createdatabase(mydata,dblangchinesesimplified)

mydb:数据库类型变量

dblangchinesesimplified:表达字符串比较规则,这里为简体中文

·CreateTableDef方法创建数据表

Set myTbl=mydb.Createtabledef(mytable)

mytbl:表类型变量

mydb:数据库名

mytable:表名

补充:创建带密码的Access数据库

Set mydb=createdatabase(mydata, dblangchinesesimplified & ―;pwd=12345‖)

1-2 利用ADOX创建数据库和数据表:

引用:microsoft ADO Ext.2.X for DDL and Security

代码:

public sub1_2()

dim mycat as new adox.catalog ?定义ADOX的Catalog对象变量

dim mytbl as new table ?定义table对象变量

dim mydata as string ?定义数据库名称变量

dim mytable as string ?定义数据表名称变量

?设置要创建的数据库名称(包括完整路径)

mydata=thisworkbook.path & ―\学生成绩管理.mdb‖

?设置要创建的数据表名称

mytable=‖期末成绩‖

?删除已经存在的数据库文件

on error resume next

kill mydata

on error goto 0

?创建新的数据库

mycat.create‖provider=microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0;data source=‖ & mydata

?创建数据表,并添加字段

with mytbl

.name=mytable

.columns.append ―学号‖,advarwchar,10

.columns.append ―姓名‖,advarwchar,6

.columns.append ―性别‖,advarwchar,1

.columns.append ―班级‖,advarwchar,10

.columns.append ―数学‖,adSingle

.columns.append ―语文‖,adSingle

.columns.append ―物理‖,adSingle

.columns.append ―化学‖,adSingle

.columns.append ―英语‖,adSingle

.columns.append ―总分‖,adSingle

End with

?将创建的数据表添加到ADOX的Tables集合中

(本文来自:wwW.xIaocAofanwEn.coM 小草 范文 网:access,vba数据库高效开发范例应用)

mycat.tables.append mytbl

?释放变量

set mycat=nothing

set mytbl=nothing

?弹出信息

msgbox ―创建数据库成功!‖ & vbcrlf & ―数据库文件名为:‖ & mydata & vbcrlf & ―数据表名称为:‖ & mytable & vbcrlf & ―保存位置:‖ & thisworkbook.path,vbinformation,‖创建数据库‖

end sub

注:在VB中,常用的数据访问接口有下列三种:数据库访问对象(DAO,DataAccess object)、远程数据库对象(RDO,Remote Data Object)和ActiveX数据对象(ADO,ActiveX Data Object) ·ADOX的常用方法:

·Append方法:可以创建columns,groups,indexes,keys,procedures,tables,users,views等为数据表添加字段:

mytbl.columns.append 字段名,数据类型,字段长度

将创建的数据表添加到ADOX的Tables集合中的语句是:

Mycat.tables.append mytbl

·Create方法:创建一个新的数据库的语句:

Mycat.create ―provider=Microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0;data source=‖ & mydata

·Delete方法:删除数据表:

Mycat.tables.delete 数据表名

·Refresh方法:用于更新集合中的对象

1-3 利用SQL语句创建数据库和数据表

首先引用:microsoft activeX data objects 2.X library 和 microsoft ado ext.2.x for ddl and security‖

代码:

public sub1_3()

dim mycat as new adox.catalog ?定义ADOX的Catalog对象变量

Dim mycmd as new adodb.command ?定义Command对象变量

dim mydata as string ?定义数据库名称变量

dim mytable as string ?定义数据表名称变量

dim SQL as string

?设置要创建的数据库名称(包括完整路径)

mydata=thisworkbook.path & ―\学生成绩管理.mdb‖

?设置要创建的数据表名称

mytable=‖期末成绩‖

?删除已经存在的数据库文件

on error resume next

kill mydata

on error goto 0

?创建数据库文件

mycat.create ―provider=microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0;Data source=‖ & mydata

?设置数据库连接

set mycmd.activeconnection=mycat.activeconnection

?设置创建数据表的SQL语句

SQL = "CREATE TABLE " & myTable _

& "(学号 text(10),姓名 text(6),性别 text(1),班级 text(10)," _

& "数学 Single,语文 Single,物理 Single,化学 Single," _

& "英语 Single,总分 Single)"

?利用execute方法创建数据表

with mycmd

.commandtext=sql

.execute, , adcmdtext

end with

?释放变量

set mycat=nothing

set mycmd=nothing

?弹出信息

msgbox ―创建数据库成功!‖ & vbcrlf & ―数据库文件名为:‖ & mydata & vbcrlf & ―数据表名称为:‖ & mytable & vbcrlf & ―保存位置:‖ & thisworkbook.path,vbinformation,‖创建数据库‖

end sub

注:有两种方法来创建数据表:

·利用ADODB.Command对象的commandtext属性和execute方法:

dim mycmd as new adodb.command

set mycmd.activeconnection=mycat.activeconnection

with mycmd

.commandtext=SQL

.execute, , adcmdtext

end with

·利用ADODB.Connection对象的execute方法来生成几个记录集

Dim cnn as new adodb.connection

dim rs as new adodb.recordset

set cnn=mycat.activeconnection

set rs=cnn.execute(sql)

1-4 在已有的数据库中创建数据表(DAO)

引用DAO对象库:microsoft DAO 3.6 object library

代码:

public sub1_4()

dim mydb as dao.database ? 定义DAO的database(数据库)对象变量

dim mydata as string ?定义数据库名称变量

dim mytable as string ?定义数据表名称变量

?设置数据库名称(包括完整路径)

mydata=thisworkbook.path & ―\学生成绩管理.mdb‖

?设置要创建的数据表名称

mytable=‖期末成绩‖

?打开数据库

set mydb=opendatabase(mydata)

篇二:Access数据库图文实例

第一部分 Access数据库管理系统 ···························································································· 3

1.1 数据库系统的认识 ·········································································································· 3

1.2 关系数据库 ···················································································································· 4

1.3 Access数据库管理系统 ·································································································· 4

1.4 Access数据库 ················································································································ 5 第二部分 数据表 ····················································································································· 6

2.1 数据表的认识 ················································································································· 6

2.2 创建数据表 ···················································································································· 7

2.3 管理数据表 ···················································································································· 9

2.4 创建数据表间的关系 ····································································································· 10

2.5 表数据的操作 ··············································································································· 11

2.6 设置表外观 ·················································································································· 14 第三部分 查询 ······················································································································· 15

3.1 查询的认识 ·················································································································· 15

3.2 创建查询 ······················································································································ 16 第四部分 窗体 ······················································································································· 19

4.1 窗体的认识 ·················································································································· 19

4.2 创建窗体 ······················································································································ 20

4.3 修饰窗体 ······················································································································ 25

4.4 在窗体中操作数据 ········································································································ 26

4.5 预览并打印窗体 ············································································································ 26 第五部分 报表 ······················································································································· 26

5.1 报表的认识 ·················································································································· 26

5.2 创建报表 ······················································································································ 26

5.3 修饰报表 ······················································································································ 28

5.4 打印报表 ······················································································································ 28 第六部分 数据访问页 ············································································································ 28

6.1 数据访问页的认识 ········································································································ 28

6.2 创建数据访问页 ············································································································ 28

6.3 使用数据访问页 ············································································································ 29 第七部分 宏 ·························································································································· 29

7.1 宏的认识 ······················································································································ 29

7.2 创建宏 ························································································································· 30

7.3 运行宏 ························································································································· 30

7.4 常用的宏操作 ··············································································································· 31 第八部分 模块 ······················································································································· 34

8.1 模块的认识 ·················································································································· 34

8.2 创建模块 ······················································································································ 34

8.3 事件过程 ······················································································································ 35

8.4 VBA程序设计 ··············································································································· 35

第一部分 Access数据库管理系统

教学目标:理解数据库系统的基本常识,认识关系数据库,了解Access的安装和特点,学会创建Access数据库,熟悉Access数据库的基本操作

重难点:理解数据库与数据库管理系统,学会Access的安装、创建和使用

学时数:2学时

1.1 数据库系统的认识

? 数据(Data):数据库中存储与处理的对象,是描述事物的符号记录,数据可以是文字、数字、图形图像、声音、动画等多种媒体形式。

? 数据库(Database,DB):长期储存在计算机内、有组织的、可共享的大量数据集合。 ? 数据库管理系统(Database Management System,DBMS):位于用户与操作系统之间的一层数据管理软件。DBMS的主要功能有:

1) 数据定义功能:提供数据定义语言,定义数据库中的数据对象

2) 数据操纵功能:提供数据操纵语言,实现对数据库的基本操作(查询、修改、插入和删除)

3) 数据库的运行管理:保证数据的安全性、完整性、多用户对数据的并发使用、发生故障后

的系统恢复

4) 数据库的建立和维护功能:数据库数据批量装载、数据库转储、介质故障恢复、数据库的

重组织、性能监视等

? 数据库系统(Database System,DBS):指在计算机系统中引入数据库后的系统,其组成有数据库、数据库管理系统(及其开发工具)、应用系统、数据库管理员和用户构成。

在不引起混淆的情况下,通常把数据库系统简称为数据库。

1.2 关系数据库

关系数据库是建立在关系模型基础上的数据库,借助于集合代数来处理数据库中的数据。 关系模型由关系数据结构、关系操作集合和完整性约束三部分组成:

? 关系数据结构:关系模型中数据的组织方式(二维表),能描述现实世界实体及实体间联系。 ? 关系操作:采用集合操作方式,即其操作的对象和结果都是集合。

常见关系操作有查询类(选择、投影、连接、并、交、差、除)和更新类(增、删、改)。 ? 关系模型允许定义3类完整性约束:实体完整性、参照完整性和用户自定义完整性,其中实体完整性和参照完整性是关系模型必须满足的,应该由关系系统自动支持。

1.3 Access数据库管理系统

Microsoft Access是微软推出的、基于Windows的关系型桌面数据库管理系统,是Office系列应用软件之一。

? Access采用与Windows完全一致的风格,属于中小型关系数据库管理系统。

? Access提供表、查询、窗体、报表、页、宏、模块7种用来建立数据库系统的对象。

1) 表(Table):数据库的基本对象,用来存贮数据库的数据,是创建其他对象的基础。

2) 查询(Query):可按要求快速查找记录,按要求筛选记录,并能对表中的数据进行更新、追

加、删除和新成新表操作。

3) 窗体(Form):提供一种浏览、操作数据库中数据的窗口,同时还提供切换面板为用户创建

数据库应用界面。

4) 报表(Report):将数据库中的数据分类汇总,然后打印出来,以便分析。

5) 数据访问页(Page):一种特殊的直接连接到数据库中数据的一种WEB页。通过页将数据

发布到Internet,并可以适用浏览器进行数据的维护和操作。

6) 宏(Macro):用户选择Access提供的宏操作命令,通过创建宏以用来自动执行一系列操作。

7) 模块(Module):模块的功能与宏类似,但它定义的操作比宏更精细和复杂,用户可以根据

自己的需要编写程序,模块使用Visual Basic编程。

? Access提供多种向导、生成器、模板,把数据存储、数据查询、界面设计、报表生成等操作规范化,为建立功能完善的数据库管理系统提供了方便。

? 普通用户不必编写代码,就可以完成数据管理的任务,非常便于初学数据库用户学习。

1.4 Access数据库

1、Access的安装配置

2、Access的启动和退出

? 使用数据库向导,为所创建的数据库选择所需的表、窗体及报表等。

? 先创建一个空数据库,然后再添加表、窗体、报表及其他对象。

1) 单击“开始”按钮,选择“程序”菜单/“Microsoft Office”子菜单/“Microsoft Office Access”命令。

2) 在“Microsoft Access”窗口中,选择 “文件”菜单/“新建”命令,选择出现在右边“任务窗格”中

“空数据库”命令。

3) 在出现的“文件新建数据库” 对话框中,选择保存位置,输入文件名,单击“创建”按钮。

篇三:库存管理系统 ACCESS课程设计 Access大作业 (含数据库)

数据库原理及应用 课程设计(论文)

题目: 库存管理系统

目 录

第1章 课程设计目的与要求 ..................................................................................................... 1

1.1 课程设计目的 ........................................................................................................... 1 1.2 课程设计的实验环境 ............................................................................................... 1 1.3 课程设计的预备知识 ............................................................................................... 1 1.4 课程设计要求 ........................................................................................................... 1

第2章 课程设计内容....................................................................................................... 2

2.1 系统功能分析 ........................................................................................................... 2 2.2 数据库模型 ............................................................................................................... 3 2.3 设计窗体和报表 ....................................................................................................... 7 2.4 窗体和报表模块主要代码 ....................................................................................... 7

第3章 课程设计总结..................................................................................................... 12 参考文献 .............................................................................................................................. 13

数据库应用技术大作业的基本要求

总体要求

运用Access所学功能,完成一份具有一定实际意义,且能解决一个具体问题的综合实验。要求在Windows平台上完成Access数据库的表、查询、窗体、报表及宏的建立,形成一个数据库应用系统(如:藏书管理系统,人员管理系统,酒店管理系统等)。 基本要求

(1) 作业量的基本指标

? 数据库至少包含3个表 ,每个表中的记录数不能少于10条(所设计的数据库中应包含求解该问题的相关数据)。

? 至少包含两个功能模块,并且数据库应用系统要具有数据的增、删、查、改功能。 (2) 作业中涵盖的知识点

? 建立数据库及库中的数据表;

? 设置表中的字段属性(定义主键、字段大小、有效性规则、默认值等);

? 表间关系的建立与修改:一对一关系或一对多关系,至少要有一个一对多关系;

? 表对象的维护(增加、删除、编辑记录等基本操作);

? 创建多种不同类型的查询(选择查询,交叉表查询,参数查询,操

作查询,SQL查询);

? 建立某种形式的窗体(要包含主子窗体),创建与用户进行交互操作的友好界面;建立某种形式的窗体,实现窗体数据与查询条件的传递;

? 建立某种形式的报表(要包含分组计算),实现对数据的统计与输出;

? 创建并运行宏,使用宏可以将数据库对象联系在一起;

? 创建一个主界面窗体,能够通过该窗体访问数据库中的所有对象。 作业设计提交形式

将数据库应用系统(*.mdb)和相应的大作业设计任务说明书(*.doc)放置以“学号+姓名”(如2011010112王五)命名的文件夹中。同时上交设计说明书的打印稿。

大作业设计任务说明书撰写框架 (1)总体功能

(2)各功能模块联系图 (3)表的结构和表间关系

(4)窗体、查询和报表的设计和功能 (5)系统开发体会

第1章 课程设计目的与要求

1.1 课程设计目的

本课程的课程设计实际是计算机信息管理专业学生学习完《数据库原理及应用(ACCESS 2000)》课程后,进行的一次全面的综合训练,其目的在于加深对数据库基础

理论和基本知识的理解,掌握运用数据库应用系统开发软件的基本方法。 1.2 课程设计的实验环境

硬件要求能运行Windows 9.X操作系统的微机系统。数据库应用系统开发软件可以选用Microsoft Access,或其他数据库管理系统。 1.3 课程设计的预备知识

熟悉数据库的基本知识及一种以上数据库系统开发软件。 1.4 课程设计要求

按课程设计指导书提供的课题,应根据下一节给出的基本需求独立完成八个方面的设计,标有“可选”的部分可根据设计时间的安排及工作量的大小适当选择。选用其他课题或不同的数据库管理系统,可以组成设计小组,分模块进行,共同协作完成一个应用系统的开发任务。要求书写详细的设计说明书,对复杂的代码段和程序段,应画出程序流程图。在界面设计中,画出每个窗口的布局,有多个窗口时,按模块调用的方式画出窗口调用图,用手工画好报表和标签样式,严禁相互抄袭。

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