篇一：计算机系毕业论文中英文翻译英文
天津商业大学宝德学院毕业设计（论文）
中英文翻译资料
Visual Basic语言和算术
Visual Basic language and arithmetic
2013年5月
1Visual Basic language and arithmetic
The United States launched the Microsoft Visual Basic (may be referred to VB), is the latest version of the current VB 2008 Beta2 (VB9) Chinese version.
Visual meaning the visual, visible, referring to the development of operating systems like windows graphical user interface (Graphic User Interface, GUI) method, it does not need to prepare a large number code to describe the appearance of the interface elements and location, as long as the pre - The establishment of good drag and drop objects on the screen corresponding to the location.
Basic is actually an abbreviation of the phrase; this phrase is Beginners all-purpose symbolic instruction code, the Chinese meaning "to the initial directive GM symbol code language."
Visual Basic learning, Professional Edition and Enterprise Edition versions to meet the different needs of the development. Study and apply to the ordinary version of the majority of learners and the use of Visual Basic development of the general staff of Windows applications, but; professional version for computer professional development of staff, including the study of functional version of the full content control and Internet development tools such as advanced features ,Enterprise contain not only all the professional version of the content, there are automated tools such as Component Manager, professional programmers to make the development of a powerful group essence of distributed applications.
1.1the summary of Visual Basic
Microsoft Visual Basic,( abbreviate VB )as tool the most of application program one of under Windows operating platform. No matter beginner or professional developer, VB has all offered a whole set of tools to them, Development application program that it can be relaxed and convenient. So VB as most computer first-selected the ABC of programming language of beginner.
"Visual" mean method to adopt visual user of development figure interface (GUI), need and write a large number of code go and describe interface appearance
and position of element seldom, Tow and show controlling part that need corresponding position to get screen can help figure design interface, user of figure,; " Basic" means BASIC language, because VB is developed on the basis of already existing BAISC language.
VB is a kind of programming language in common use of Microsoft, It, including VBA of the numerous Windows application software use VB language in Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Accessed., For users to carry on the secondary development; Make web page use more VBScript script language sub collection of VB too at present.
Utilize data of VB visit characteristic user can establish the data base to most data base forms including Microsoft SQL Server and other enterprises data base With the application program of front, and adjustable service end part. Utilize ActiveX(TM) technology, VB can use word processor, electronic data list he Windows function that application program offers extremely, Excel of Microsoft,, Word of Microsoft,, Even can use by VB specialty edition or enterprise application program and target that edition establish directly.
The procedure that users established finally is a real .EXE file , can issue freely . VB offer study edition, the specialty edition and enterprise edition, use to satisfied with different development demands. Study edition make programming personnel develop Windows and Windows application program of NT very easily. The specialty edition has offered the developing instrument with complete function to programming personnel of the specialty, Include studying all functions of edition in the specialty edition. Enterprise edition allow the professional personnel to establish strong distributed application program in the form of group. It includes all characteristics of the specialty edition. So can choose different editions according to different needs.
1.2integrated development environ
Integrated environment of VB call IDE, made up of a lot of parts , include title board, menu fence, tool fence, controlling part case, And window body window, engineering management device window, attribute window, code window and
window body overall arrangement window body overall arrangement, etc. of designing etc.. Have covered all functions, such as design which develops the application program, editting, compiling and debugging, etc..
In VB, the application program calls the project too. When start VB and open a new project for the first time, can see and pursue integrated development environment interface that show.
Visual Basic Integrated development environment
VB come and organize development of application program through project, use project come and manage and form files of application program. One project uses the environment to make up by several window bodies, standard module generally. The system manages project through the project menu, for instance add the window body, quote . System allow turn on and manage a lot of projects besides.
1.3Visual Basic language brief introductions
Basic use and do the elementary high-level language that used often most. Its full name is Beginner' s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code, abbreviate as BASIC. As its name suggests, Basic one specially for language that beginner design, because it easy to learn easy to know, So the body is popular. Early Basic language to belong to and solve translating type, so can carry out line by line , So it can see the result carried out at once , this is a very convenient design for beginner. But it have concept of structure either, one that is in procedure maintain and management have as much as other language problems. But back-end Basic correct shortcoming of the above (such as Quick Basic), make it may used for and develop the large-scaler procedure too.
The language is the basic composition, which forms VB procedure. VB has stipulated the form of sentences and function.
Grammar:
The sentence defines incantations [Sentence body]
Sentence define agree with and used in fixed function of sentence, sentence body appoint concrete content or want concrete operation that carry out of sentence. All set of sentence VB language, carry on with VB sentence organic association finish a certain specific function the procedure. Interface + procedure can solve a certain
application problem.
VB application program code window write in" code editing machine" generally. " editing machine of code" is like the word processing software of a piece of height specialization, there are many easies function of writing VB code, Pursue to show
[Example Ex-Hello ]In" code editing machine" code that window written.
“Editing machine of code” window
1.4 develop the application program with Visual Basic
Use VB programming, design appearance of application program first generally, write every target procedure code or other treatment procedure of incident respectively, Work of programming should be light more.
The procedure of establishing the application program is as follows:
Establish application program interface
The interface is the mutual bridge of user and procedure, Generally formed of window body and vision frame of the button, menu, text frameset. with standard WINDOWS interface of application program that VB establish. Require according to function of procedure and user and need of information interchange of procedure, Come to confirm that need those targets , plan the overall arrangement of the interface.
Design by each attributes of target in interface
Demand and set up each attribute of target such as appearance, name,, size of targeted. according to interface of planning.
Most attribute person who fetch can set up through the attribute window when design already, Too can set up revising when operating in procedure through programming in procedure code. Have the targets respond programming by procedure code
Respond procedure code of programming target
Interface determine appearance of procedure only, design window add codes through" code editing machine" soon after the interface, Realize some make the tasks, such as responding, information processing,etc. after accepting external message, Add code , realize some response, information processing that make after accepting
篇二：一篇计算机论文翻译
Catalog
abstract: ............................................................................................................................................. 2 chapter 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. - 3 -
1.1 Flash software description ......................................................................................................... - 3 -
1.2 Flash point ................................................................................................................................. - 3 -
1.3 Flash game ................................................................................................................................. - 4 -
1.4 Flash The direction of the game development ............................................................................... 4 chapter 2 The game design ....................................................................................................... 6
2.1 Game framework ............................................................................................................................ 6
2.2 The game. ....................................................................................................................................... 6
2.3 Conversion between the scenarios ................................................................................................. 6 chapter 3 FlashThe realization of the function of the game ........................................... 7
3.1 The main scene ............................................................................................................................... 7
3.2 The first frame ................................................................................................................................ 8
3.3 The second frame ........................................................................................................................... 8
3.4 The third frame ............................................................................................................................... 9 chapter 4 Summary ..................................................................................................................... 10
Abstract:
Flash game is a new form of the game, the game is simple, easy to operate, green, no
need to install the advantages of small size, file now gradually by the majority of users
love. Flash game called flash small game, because the game on flash is mainly applied
to some interesting, small game, to fully play its advantages based on vector map.
Flash game because of flash CS3 and ActionScript 3, rapid development in recent
years, many young people to join them, and play an important role in the whole flash
industry. Flash player accounted for 90% of all Internet users of the browser, so the
development of space is very large, with promising future.
Keywords: flash, game, vector
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Flash Software description Flash was launched by Macromedia's interactive vector graphics and Web animation standards. Webpage designers use Flash to create beautiful and can change the size of the navigation interface and other strange effect. Flash is amemory chip, through specific program can modify the data. Flash is an authoring tool, designers and developers can use it to create presentations, applications and other content to allow user interaction. Flash can include simple animation, video content, complex presentations, applications, and anything in between.
Especially suitable for creating Flash content available through Internet, because its files are very small. Flash is through the extensive use of vector graphics do it.Compared with the bitmap graphics, vector graphics needs a lot of memory and storage space, because they are based on mathematical formulas instead of large data sets to represent. Bitmap graphics are bigger, because each pixel in the image needs a separate set of data to represent.
In Flash content creation, need to work in a Flash document file. Extended Flash document file name is.Fla.
The Flash document has four main parts:
1. The stage is display graphics, video, buttons and other content during playbackposition. Do the detailed introduction to the stage at the Flash foundation.
2. The time axis is used to tell the Flash to display graphics and other projects of the elements,
can also use the timeline specified stage hierarchical order of eachgraph. The higher layer is
located above the graphic is displayed in the lowerlayer graph.
The library panel is Flash to display a list of media elements in an Flash document location. ActionScript code can be used to add interactive content to media elements in the document.
For example, you can add code to the user to display a new image atthe click of a button,
you can also use ActionScript to add the logic to application.The logic enable the application
according to the user's operation and othercircumstances of different ways of working. Flash
includes two versions of the ActionScript, which can meet the different needs of creators. 3. 4.
1.2 The characteristics of Flash
1. Use vector graphics and streaming technology. And bitmap graphics, vector graphics can be
scaled arbitrarily without affecting the size of graphics; streaming technology makes animation
while playing while downloading, thereby alleviatingWebpage browsers anxiously waiting for
the mood.
2. Through the use of key frames and operator makes generated animation (.Swf)file is very
small, a few K bytes of animation files can realize many peopleHeartbeat animation effects,
used in Webpage design can not only makeWebpage more vivid, but little and dainty download
quickly, so that the animation can be played on the open Webpage short time.
3. The music, animation, sound effects, interactive way together, more and more people have
Flash as the preferred tool Webpage animation design, and can support MP3 music format,
which makes adding music animation files can maintain the cabinet 'figure'. 4. Strong animation editing functions that designers can design a high-qualityanimation, through the ACTION and FS COMMAND can achieve interactive, so that Flash has a greater degree of
design freedom, in addition, it is the most popular Webpage design tool Dreamweaver with a
tacit agreement, can be directly embedded in any position Webpage, very convenient.
1.3 Flash Game Flash game in the forms and traditional game, basically the same, but mainlyexist in the network, because of its small size, fast spread, screen appearance,so much to replace the traditional web net trends both at home and abroad, nowFlash online games for no reason has become a trend, as long as the browserinstalled ADOBE Flash player, you can play all the flash games, this is better than the traditional web net swims the progress of many information gathering,requirement analysis
For Flash games, compared to the same period capacity is the minimum, andoccupied a very short time, can play a relaxing entertainment, leisure physical and mental function, which has the advantages of small volume, good content,Nai Wan, entertaining, no age level, can modify the difficulty, good physical and mental health, the number of new features, gameplay rich.
1.4 The development direction of Flash games
Flash is known as "the most flexible front". Because of its unique and timesegment segmentation (TimeLine) and recombinant (nested MC) technology,combined with the ActionScitp object and process control. The design of interface design and animation in a flexible as possible, but has not yet formed a set ofinterface design theory in flash. At the same time it is also the most compactfront.
Flash has the characteristics of cross platform (this is like Java), so no matter what platform you are in, as long as you have the support of flash Player installation. You can ensure that they show the effect of the final agreement.Rather than as in previous Webpage design as IE and Mozilla or design a version of the NetSpace. As with the Java. Its portability strong. Especially in the small network of medium and small equipment (of course, a large network has been needless to say), recently has the mobile phone support function allows you toyour mobile phone design your favorite function. Of course, you need to havesupport for flash mobile phone. Of course, it also can be applied to Pocket PC.
Using the FLASH developed a number of cross platform network game, even aslarge MMOR, after the arrival of 3G era, we can play to a large network game on mobile phone soon, the existing FLASH network game: class SLG (three blood),sports (blood, class RPG (ball) mortal comprehension), desktop (Dezhou poker),TD (defend their homes) and so on.
FLASH game of the popular
FLASH is the development of Webpage rich media and interactivity technology,originally used to
develop interactive or animated web component, in recentyears has make a spurt of progress of development. According to the statistics ofAdobe, the PC desktop, Internet penetration rate reached a staggering 99%, andJAVA 85.1%. At present, FLASH is more vigorously to PDA and intelligent mobile phone terminal development.
FLASH contains a set of programmable script parser, called ActionScript, with the use of Java and Javascript like syntax, can control the FLASH animation, to achieve a variety of interactive function. AS3.0 also supports the Socket network function, which makes the development of large-scale interactive Webpage gamepossible. By virtue of the excellent performance of ActionScript2.0 and ActionScript3.0, FLASH technology becomes the technical basis of the vast majority of small game development. The FLASH parser, called Flash Player, a very small volume. It can not only support the popular IE browser, can alsosupport Firefox, Opera, Safari and a variety of browser, users download the installation is very convenient. One of the important reasons for this is Flash little game popular.
篇三：计算机专业——毕业论文(译文)
数据库管理
数据库（有时拼成Database）也称为电子数据库，是指由计算机特别组织的用下快速查找和检索的任意的数据或信息集合。数据库与其它数据处理操作协同工作，其结构要有助于数据的存储、检索、修改和删除。数据库可存储在磁盘或磁带、光盘或某些辅助存储设备上。
一个数据库由一个文件或文件集合组成。这些文件中的信息可分解成一个个记录，每个记录有一个或多个域。域是数据库存储的基本单位，每个域一般含有由数据库描述的属于实体的一个方面或一个特性的信息。用户使用键盘和各种排序命令，能够快速查找、重排、分组并在查找的许多记录中选择相应的域，建立特定集上的报表。
数据库记录和文件的组织必须确保能对信息进行检索。早期的系统是顺序组织的（如:字母顺序、数字顺序或时间顺序）；直接访问存储设备的研制成功使得通过索引随机访问数据成为可能。用户检索数据库信息的主要方法是query（查询）。通常情况下，用户提供一个字符串，计算机在数据库中寻找相应的字符序列，并且给出字符串在何处出现。比如，用户必须能在任意给定时间快速处理内部数据。而且，大型企业和其它组织倾向于建立许多独立的文件，其中包含相互关联的甚至重叠的数据，这些数据、处理活动经常需要和其它文件的数据相连。为满足这些要求，开发邮各种不同类型的数据库管理系统，如：非结构化的数据库、层次型数据库、网络型数据库、关系型数据库、面向对象型数据库。
在非结构化的数据库中，按照实体的一个简单列表组织记录；很多个人计算机的简易数据库是非结构的。层次型数据库按树型组织记录，每一层的记录分解成更小的属性集。层次型数据库在不同层的记录集之间提供一个单一链接。与此不同，
网络型数据库在不同记录集之间提供多个链接，这是通过设置指向其它记录集的链或指针来实现的。网络型数据库的速度及多样性使其在企业中得到广泛应用。当文件或记录间的关系不能用链表达时，使用关系型数据库。一个表或一个“关系”，就是一个简单的非结构列表。多个关系可通过数学关系提供所需信息。面向对象的数据库存储并处理更复杂的称为对象的数据结构，可组织成有层次的类，其中的每个类可以继承层次链中更高一级类的特性，这种数据库结构最灵活，最具适应性。
很多数据库包含自然语言文本信息，可由个人在家中使用。小型及稍大的数据库在商业领域中占有越来越重要的地位。典型的商业应用包括航班预订、产品管理、医院的医疗记录以及保险公司的合法记录。最大型的数据库通常用天政府部门、企业、大专院校等。这些数据库存有诸如摘要、报表、成文的法规、通讯录、报纸、杂志、百科全书、各式目录等资料。索引数据库包含参考书目或用于找到相关书籍、期刊及其它参考文献的索引。目前有上万种可公开访问的数据库，内容包罗万象，从法律、医学、工程到新闻、时事、游戏、分类广告、指南等。科学家、医生、律师、财经分析师、股票经纪人等专家和各类研究者越来越多地依赖这些数据库从大量的信息中做快速的查找访问。
数据库管理系统的组织技术
顺序的、直接的以及其他的文件处理方式常用于单个文件中数据的组织和构造，而DBMS可综合几个文件的数据项以回答用户对信息的查询，这就意味着DBMS能够访问和检索非关键记录字段的数据，即DBMS能够将几个大文件夹中逻辑相关的数据组织并连接在一起。
逻辑结构。确定这些逻辑关系是数据管理者的任务，由数据定义语言完成。DBMS
在存储、访问和检索操作过程中可选用以下逻辑构造技术：
链表结构。在该逻辑方式中，记录通过指针链接在一起。指针是记录本中的一相数据项，它指出另一个逻辑相关的记录的存储位置，例如，顾客主文件中的记录将包含每个顾客的姓名和地址，而且该文件中的每个记录都由一个账号标识。在记账期间，顾客可在不同时间购买许多东西。公司保存一个发票文件以反映这下地交易，这种情况下可使用链表结构，以显示给定时间内未支付的发票。顾客文件中的每个记录都包含这样一个字段，该字段指向发票文件中该顾客的第一个发票的记录位置，该发票记录又依次与该顾客的下一个发票记录相连，此链接的最后一个发票记录由一个作为指针的特殊字符标识。
层次（树型）结构。该逻辑方式中，数据单元的多级结构类似一棵“倒立”的树，该树的树根在顶部，而树枝向下延伸。在层次（树型）结构中存在主-从关系，惟一的根数据下是从属的元或节点，而每个元或树枝都只有一个所有者，这样，一个customer（顾客）拥有一个invoice（发票），而invoice（发票）又有从属项。在树型结构中，树枝不能相连。
网状结构。网状结构不像树型结构那样不允许树枝相连，它允许节点间多个方向连接，这样，每个节点都可能有几个所有者，中央电视台它又可能拥有任意多个其他数据单元。数据管理软件允许从文件的任一记录开始提取该结构中的所需信息。
关系型结构。关系型结构由许多表格组成，数据则以“关系”的形式存储在这些表中。例如，可建立一些关系表，将大学课程同任课教师及上课地点连接起来。为了找到英语课的上课地点和教师名，首先查询课程/教师关系表得到名字（为“Fitt”），再查询课程/地点关系表得到地点（“Main 142”），当然，也可能有其
他关系。这是一个相当新颖的数据库组织技术，将来有望得到广泛应用。
物理结构。人们总是为了各自的目的，按逻辑方式设想或组织数据。因此，在一个具体应用中，记录R1和R2是逻辑相连且顺序处理的，但是，在计算机系统中，这些在一个应用中逻辑相邻的记录，物理位置完全可能不在一起。记录在介质和硬件中的物理结构不仅取决于所采用的I/O设备、存储设备及输入输出和存取技术，而且还取决于用户定义的R1和R2中数据的逻辑关系。例如，R1和R2可能是持有信用卡的顾客记录，而顾客要求每两周将货物运送到同一个城市的同一个街区，而从运输部门的管理者看，R1和R2是按地理位置组织的运输记录的顺序项，但是在A/R应用中，可找到R1长表示的顾客，并且可根据其完全不同的账号处理他们的账目。简言之，在许多计算机化的信息记录中，存储记录的物理位置用户是看不见的。
Oracle的数据库管理功能
Oracle 包括许多使数据库易于管理的功能，分三部分讨论：Oracle 企业管理器、附加包、备份和恢复。
1． Oracle 企业管理器
和任何数据库服务器一样，Oracle 数据库服务器包括以下部分：Oracle 企业管理器（IM）、一个带有图形接口的用于管理数据库用户、实例和提供Oracle 环境等附加信息功能（如：复制）的数据库管理工具框架。
在Oracle8i数据库之前，EM 软件必须安装在Windows95/98或者基于NT 的系统中，而且每个库每次只能由一个数据库管理者访问。如今你可以通过浏览器或者把EM 装入Window95/98/2000 或基于NT 的系统中来使用EM。多个数据库管理员可以同时访问EM库。在Oracle9i的EM版中，超级管理员可以定义在普通
管理员的控制台上显示的服务，并能建立管理区域。
2． 附加包
正如下面所描述的那样，Oracle可使用一些可选的附加包，还有用于Oracle应用程序和SAP R/3的管理包。
（1） 标准管理包
Oracle的标准管理包提供了用于小型Oracle数据库的管理工具（如：Oracle服务器/标准版）。功能包括：对数据库争用、输入/输出、装载、内存使用和实例、对话分析、索引调整进行监控，并改变调查和跟踪。
（2） 诊断包
利用诊断包，可以监控、诊断及维护企业版数据库、操作系统和应用程序的安全。用有关历史和实时的分析，可自动的在问题发生前将其消除。诊断包还提供空间管理功能，有助于对未来系统资源需要的计划和跟踪。
（3） 调整包
利用调整包，可确定并调整企业版数据库和应用系统的瓶颈，如效率低的SQL、很差的数据设计、系统资源的不当使用，从而优化系统性能。调整包能提前发现调整时机，并自动生成分析和需求变化来调整系统。
（4） 变化管理包
变化管理包在升级企业版数据库时帮助排错和避免丢失数据，以达到支持新的应用程序的目的。该包能分析与应用程序变动有关的影响和复杂依赖关系并自动升级数据库。用户可使用一种简单的向导按必要的步骤来升级。
（5） 可用性
Oracle 企业管理器可用管理Oracle标准版或企业版。在标准版中，用于诊断、