篇一：同义句概论
同义句转换
一、 题型分析
同义句转换是运用英语语法、词汇、短语或习惯用语和句型结构等知识为一体的综合体较强的测试题型之一，是近几年中考的常考题型。其形式是根据上句完成下句，并使两个句子表达的意思相同。它要求学生理解语意，运用所学的词汇、语法知识和句型结构等填上两个适当的词，使句子结构完整、逻辑合理、语法知识无误、意思与所给句子相同。 同义句转换虽然是单个题型，不以篇章形式出现，但它却旨在测试学生的综合运用语言能力，它要求学生不仅要具备一定的词汇、句型和语法知识，还要具备阅读能力、综合分析能力和综合运用语言知识的实践能力。因此，在教学中，要将同义句转换训练融入听、说、读、写技能的培养活动中，通过体验与运用，培养学生换位思维、灵活表达的能力。它还直接有助于提高学生的听力测试、短文填空和书面表达等相关题型的能力。
对近几年的中考英语试题中同义句转换题的分析，不难总结出同义句的考题主要有以下6个方面：
1． 同义词、词组转换：即不同的几个词或词组表达同一个意思，主要考查学生对动词、形容词、副词等同义词、词组的积累与掌握。
2． 反义词、词组转换：即反义词或词组加上否定词表达相同的意思，就象“负负得正”一样，主要考查学生对反义词、词组的积累和换位思维的能力。
3． 等级转换：主要考查学生对形容词、副词在原级、比较级、最高级之间的转换以及同级比较的一些结构。
4． 主动、被动转换：主要考查学生对主动语态与被动语态之间的转换方法的掌握，特别要注意时态、感观动词以及使役动词的用法。
5． 句子结构转换：主要考查学生用不定式、介词或连词等将并列句或两个简单句变成一个复合句，或将复合句变成并列句或简单句的转换能力。
6． 句意转换：主要考查学生对句意的理解和用一个词或一种结构来概括上句的意思的综合能力。
二、中考走向
（一）近4年中考英语试题中同义句转换题型小集：
2000年中考同义句转换：(每小题2分,每空1分,共10分)
1． A：The old woman almost couldn’t remember the name of the book.
B：The old woman ________ ________ remember the name of the book.
(同义词:almost not ---hardly)
2． A：Tom knows much more about computer than any other student in his class.
B：________ ______ in our class knows so much about computer as Tom.
(等级转换:比较级——原级比较)
3． A：The heavy snow kept the visitors staying on top of the mountain.
B：The visitors were stopped _____ _______ the top of the mountain.
(主动、被动转换)
4． A：He is on the football team.
B：He is a _____ ______ the football team.
（句意转换）
5． A：Cross the bridge, and you’ll find the museum.
B：________ ________ the bridge, and you’ll find the museum.
（同义词组转换：cross——go/walk across）
(参考答案:1.could ,hardly 2.Nobody, else 3.from, leaving 4.player,in 5.Walk/Go across)
2001年中考同义句:（每题3分，每空1.5分，共15分）
1. A：The children played happily in the zoo yesterday.
B：The children _______ ______ in the zoo yesterday.（同义词组转换：play happily——enjoy oneself）
2. A：What day is it today?B：What day of ______ _______ is today?（句意转换）
3. A：I always get up before six o’clock in my school days.B：I ________ get up _______ six o’clock in my school days.（反义词转换：always?before——never after）
4. A：The problem is too difficult for me to work out.
B：The problem isn’t _______ ______ for me to work out.（反义词转换：too?to——enough ?to）
5. A：Hurry up, or you’ll be late for the party.
B：______ you _______ hurry, you’ll be late for the party.（句子结构转换）
(参考答案:1.enjoyed ,themselves 2.the,week 3.never,after 4.easy enough5.If,don’t)
2002年中考同义句:（每题2分，每空1分，共20分）
1.A：Don’t forget to bring your textbooks to school next time.
B：_______ _______ bring your textbooks to school next time。（反义词转换:forget——remember）
2.A：Meimei has returned from her hometown.B：Meimei has ______ ______ from her hometown. （同义词组转换：return——get back）
3.A：I have learned English for three years.B：It is three years _____ I ____ to learn English.
（句子结构转换）
4.A：Because of the heavy traffic, they couldn’t get to school on time.B：The heavy traffic ____ them from_____ at school on time.（句意转换）
5.A：Tom rushed out of his room after he heard the news.B：Tom _____ _____ out of his room after he heard the news.（同义词组转换：rush ——run quickly）
6.A: I want to know how much your dictionary cost you.B: I want to know how much you ____ _____ your dictionary.（句意转换）
7.A: They didn’t see the twin brothers play football on the playground. B:______ _____ the twin brothers was seen to play football on the playground. (主动、被动转换)
8.A: You’d better speak English as much as possible. B:____ better for_____ to speak English as much as possible.（句子结构转换）
9.A: My sister has been ill for two weeks. She is afraid that she won’t catch up with her classmates.B: My sister is afraid that she will ______ _____ her classmates as she has been ill for two weeks. （反义词转换：catch up with——fall behind）
10.A:In the boy’s 100-metre race, Jim ran fastest of all.B:I the boy’s 100-metre race, ______ ______ runner didn’t run so fast as Jim.（等级转换：最高级——原级比较）
(参考答案: 1.Remember,to 2.got back 3.since,began 4.stopped/kept,arriving 5.ran,quickly
6.paid,for 7.Neither,of 8.It’s,you 9.fall,behind 10.any,other)
2003年中考同义句:（每题2分，每空1分，共20分）
1. A: Half an hour ago “The Cat Play” begin.
B: “The Cat Play” has _____ _____ for half an hour.（句意转换）
2. A: I feel like going to the People’s Square with my friends this Saturday.
B: I _____ like to _____ to the People’s Square with my friends this Saturday.
（同义词组转换：feel like going——would like to do）
3. A: The little girl wanted to know when her father could take her to Paris.
B: The little girl wanted to know ______ ______ be taken to Paris.（句子结构转换）
4. A: Stand higher, and you will see far away.
B: _____ _______ stand at a higher place, you will see far away.（句子结构转换）
5. A: It’s 7:30. He goes to school, but he doesn’t have breakfast.
B: It’s 7:30. He goes to school _____ ____ breakfast.（句意转换）
6. A: French is not the first language in any of these countries.
B: French is the first language in _____ ______ these countries.（句意转换）
7. A: Last Sunday we heard them sing Peking Opera in that theatre.
B: They were heard ____ ______ Peking Opera in that theatre last Sunday.(主动、被动转换：)
8. A: He doesn’t do any other thing. He is only on Internet.
B: He is always on Internet _____ _____ doing other things.
（句意转换）
9. A: You needn’t be afraid of that dog. It’s a toy.
B: _____ _____ afraid of that dog! It’s a toy.（句意转换）
10. A: The picture was usually put up in the park near the playground.B: The picture was put up in the park____ to the playground as ______.（同义词组转换：near——close/next/near to，usually——as often/usual）
(参考答案:1.been,on 2.would,go 3.when,to 4.If,you 5.without,having 6.none,of 7.to,sing 8.instead,of
9.Don’t,be 10.close/next/near,usual/often)
解题导航
1．根据同义句转换考查的目的，要求学生在复习过程中要善于积累和总结所学词汇以及句型结构，并进行练习与巩固。
2．同义句转换题是一种综合能力测试题型，要求在中考的应战过程中，切忌死记死背词汇、句型和语法知识点，一定要将基础知识与语意理解相结合、分析句子结构、灵活运用，不断变通，举一反三。
3．掌握良好的作题技巧也是走向成功的关键性因素。因此，在做题时，一定要认真读原句，读出感觉，理解语意；然后根据前面讲的考查6方面进行思考，用平时所学知识填上适当的词；填词时一定要注意词形（如时态、单复数、比较等级等）正确，上下意思一致，语法无误；检查核对时，注意从句子结构、句子意思、词的正确形式等几个方面进行考虑。
四、强化训练习题集
（一）同义词、词组转换：
1. He spent half an hour in doing his homework yesterday. It _____him half an hour to _____his homework yesterday.
2. Have you received a letter from your mother yet? Have you _____ _____ your mother yet?
3.Mr Zhang went to work by bike yesterday. Mr Zhang _____ _____ _____ to work yesterday.
4. I have never known that before. I have never _____ _____ that before.
5. When Bill Gates was a student, he was interested in computers.
When Bill Gates was a student, computers _____ _____.
6 .Bruce left here two days ago. Bruce _____ _____ _____ from here for two days.
7. Because of the teacher, he passed the test. _____ _____ the teacher, he passed the test.
8. Mr Wu is visiting London. Mr Wu is _____ a _____ ______ London.
9. She is a girl of eight. She is _____ _____ girl.
10.There is almost no water in the thermos. There is _____ _____ water in the thermos.
（二）反义词、词组转换
1. Both of the answers are wrong. _____of the answers _____right.
2. The box is heavy. The box is _____ _____.
3. Jimmy went to bed after the TV play was over. Jimmy _____ go to bed _____the TV play was over.
4. Work hard, or you’ll not catch up with your class.
_____you _____work hard , you’ll not catch up with your class.
5. Our English textbooks are not the same as yours. Our English textbooks are _____ _____ yours.
6. Jim is weak in Chinese. Jim _____ _____ _____ Chinese.
7. Remember to bring your homework here tomorrow. _____ _____ to bring your homework here tomorrow.
8. Yesterday I borrowed an English-Chinese dictionary from Miss Gao. Yesterday Miss Gao _____ an English-Chinese dictionary _____ me .
9. The runner from Class 1 couldn’t catch up with the one from Class 3.
The runner from Class 1 _____ _____ the one from Class 3.
10. Billie found this computer too expensive to buy. This computer was not _____ _____ for Billie to buy.
（三） 等级转换
1. Fangfang doesn’t speak English as well as Meimei. Fangfang speaks English _____ ______ Meimei.
2. He likes tea better than coffee. He _____ tea _____ coffee.
3. Alice dances best in her class. Alice dances _____than _____ _____ girl in her class.
4. I think this school is as beautiful as that one.
I _____ think this school is _____ beautiful than that one.
5. China has more people than America.
The _____ of China is _____ than that of America.
6. Lucy and Lily were born in the same year. Lucy is _____ _____ as Lily.
7. I like fish better than beef. I don’t like beef so _____ _____ fish.
8. “Maths is more difficult than any other subject,” said the boy.
“_____ _____ subject is as difficult as maths.
9. Jim is the tallest boy in his class.
Nobody _____ in Jim’s class is _____ than him.
10..Baseball is more popular than football in America.
Football is _____ popular _____baseball in America.
（四） 句子结构转换
1. The apples are so high that I can’t reach them.
The apples are _____high for me _____reach.
2. Man can’t live without air.
Man can’t live _____there is _____air.
3. His wife has been dead for ten years.
It is ten years _____his wife _____.
4. I’m not sure where I should go this evening.
I’m not sure _____ _____ _____ this evening.
5. Hurry up, or you’ll miss the early bus.
_____you _____hurry up, you’ll miss the early bus.
You won’t _____ the early bus _____you hurry.
6. I can speak English, I can also speak Japanese.
I can speak _____ _____ English _____ _____ Japanese.
7. Miss Gao went there as soon as possible.
Miss Gao went there as soon as _____ _____.
8. She has lived there all her life.
She _____ to live there when she was _____.
9. “Do you like the film?” he asked me.
He asked me _____ I _____ the film.
10. It seems that hamburger is the most popular fast food in America.
Hamburger seems _____ _____ the most popular fast food in America.
五、 句意转换
1. There is a boy in the room. He is playing.
There is a boy _____ _____the room.
2. In Australia summer starts in December , and goes on to February.
In Australia summer _____ _____December _____ February.
3. Our monitor was the last to leave the classroom.
_____ our monitor left the classroom, there was _____ in it.
4. You may use this dictionary or that one, but not both.
You may use _____ _____ the dictionaries.
5. Paul bought his car two years ago.
Paul _____ _____ his car for two years.
6. He didn’t say a word and left angrily.
He left angrily _____ _____ a word.
7. There was a loud knock at the door.
Someone _____ at the door _____.
8. How much does your skirt cost?
_____ the _____ of your skirt?
9. All the students in Lin Tao’s class went to the Summer Palace, but he didn’t go. _____went to the Summer Palace _____ Lin Tao.
篇二：英语写作同义词替换练习
第一讲
引发激烈讨论，热门话题，激烈争论，广泛关注
heated, hot, long-running, controversial, hotly-debated
a matter of (global )concern, (burning, pressing, thorny)issue, controversy, subject, focus, topic. be put on the agenda
trigger, spark, arouse
intense, fierce, contentious/ debate, discussion, argument
arouse people’s wide concern/ / wide public concern/curiosity/attention,
make people worried
become public focus/ the focus of the society
more and more people---an increasing number of people
more and more useful---increasingly useful
人---事物
More and more people waste ---The growing rate of waste have people calling it an epidemic
a lot of ---a considerable number of/ massive/
different people have different ideas towards it----people’s ideas towards it differ from one to another. .,views on this issue vary greatly.
try to—attempt to, intend to
think – argue, claim , deem , insist
if – provided that, assuming that, supposing that
一 写作常用关键词句：
1．认为，断言：think, believe, argue, hold, contend, state, claim, suppose, advocate, assume, point out, point to, allege, assert
personally, as for me, as far as I am concerned, for my part
2．许多：a large number of, a large amount of, a considerable number of, a host of, dozens of, scores of, the bulk of, a majority of 大部分的，a minority of小部分的
3．如今、目前：in contemporary society, nowadays, at present, recently, currently, in recent decades
4．越来越：increasing, growing
5．重要，必要，肯定主导，关键，根本, 意义重大：important, necessary, essential, vital, crucial, influential, overwhelming, primary, overriding, principal，fundamental, elementary, cardinal, significant, indispensable, dominant, key, leading, prominent, decisive, major, gist, crux关键，症结所在
6．关注、重视、强调、优先考虑、把…放首要位置：highlight, pay attention to, attract…, raise…concern, arouse… concern, call for…concern, attach importance to, give priority to, lay emphasis/stress on
7．不予重视、忽视、低估、次要：downplay, overlook, ignore, neglect, underestimate,
secondary in importance
8．赞成、支持：applaud, favor, advocate, in favor of, be side with, in agreement with, go for, vote, proponent支持者
9．反对：oppose, protest, frown皱眉，object to, go against, disagree with, opponent反对者 10．
11． 一致意见：consensus, it is universally acknowledged that…, it is generally accepted 有争议的问题、热点问题、棘手的问题、关注的问题：a controversial issue, a heated topic, a burning problem, a thorny issue, a matter of concern, a subject of fierce debate
12． 归因于，源自于：ascribe to, attribute to, result from, is associated with, arise from, derive from, stem from, originate from (in), grow form, a source of
13．
for
14． 导致、造成：contribute to, lead to, result in, bring about, create, give rise to, trigger, ignite, 因为，由于：by virtue of, in light of, due to, thanks to, owing to, because of, be responsible cause, generate, promote, breed, induce
15．
16．
17． 往往，表趋势：tend to, be prone to, be inclined to, have a tendency to 可能：may, perhaps, be likely to, possibly, it is very likely that…, it is predicted that…预测 发生，出现，产生：take place, occur, arise, bring about, create, cause, emerge, turn out, work out
18．
19．
20．
21．
22．
23．
24．
25． 常常：often, frequently, more often than not 偶尔：occasionally, sometimes, once in a while, on some occasions 有…影响：exert …effects on, have an effect/ impact/ influence on 不管，尽管：no matter…, regardless of, despite, in spite of 塑造、培养：cultivate, develop, foster, mould, shape, build 增强：promote, strengthen, enhance, intensify, magnify, amplify 接触到：expose…to, have/ get access to 能给，能使，能让：give, let, make, offer, promise, bring, provide, allow, render, ensure, equip…with, furnish…with, encourage, enable sb. to do sth.liberate/ free/ release sb. from.. 26．
27．
28．
29． 优点、优势：pro, merit, strength, advantage, benefit, positive 缺点、弱势：con, fault, flaw, weakness, downside, drawback, disadvantage, negative 如果、假设：imagine that, provided that, suppose that, on condition that 破坏、损害、有害：destroy, damage, spoil, ruin, undermine, endanger, jeopardize, impair, temper, do harm to , be detrimental to, be hazardous,
30．
阻碍，妨碍：hinder, hamper, block, keep…from, obstacle to, barrier to,
31．
32．
33．
34．
35． 构成潜在威胁/危害：pose potential threat/ danger/ risk to 有益，有助于：be beneficial/ instrumental/ helpful/ conducive/ favorable/ optimal, facilitate 伴随：along with, together with, be accompanied by 关于：in terms of, with regards to, as to 呈现，展现，描述：show, display, illustrate, exhibit, describe, depict, demonstrate, unfold, point to the fact that…
36．
37．
38．
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41．
42． 不可否认：there is no denying that…, it is an undeniable fact that… 毫无疑问：it is no doubt that…, admittedly 普遍，流行，受欢迎：prevalent, prevail, enjoy/ gain popularity 当谈到，谈及：when it comes to…, 让我/我们想到：it occurs to me/ us that… 目睹、见证：The 20th century witnessed/ saw that… 明显,突出的(adj): conspicuous/ striking /prominent /eminent/ noticeable/remarkable/ obvious/ apparent/ evident/ significant
43． 很大地，非常地（表示程度）：significantly, considerably, surprisingly, greatly, highly, hugely, largely, tremendously, enormously, overwhelmingly, remarkably, strikingly, substantially, essentially, vastly, entirely, badly,
44． 合理的，可行的，恰当的：reasonable, rational, sensible, appropriate, proper, sound, plausible貌似合理的，
45．
46．
47． 证明，证实： confirm, prove, justify, verify, 反驳：protest, refute 怀疑，质疑：doubt, doubtful, suspect, be suspicious of, skeptic, be skeptical of （这类词语还可参照我的阅读分类词汇）
二 Sentence and words
1. rich – 大部分是复合句,有分词结构.
2. high-level – 定语从句,强调句,倒装句,虚拟语气
3. 词语可换说法，即便是名词也可换说法。这样可使得文章的词语rich，多变化。 改写：大学旨在培养未来人才。 The , as a school of higher education(作插入语来解释), aims to shape) 精英/ the minds思想指代有头脑的人/ ) (who are furnished with professional skills)for the future.
改写：这种犯罪行为会危害社会..
Such (offense/ misconduct/ delinquency/ delinquent behavior/criminal behavior) (damages/ undermines/ endangers/ is detrimental to) social community.
改写：这会严重影响学习.
It will adversely/ severely affect our academic performance.
写出画线的同义词
政府应该采取措施来解决这个问题
The (Our country / nation / The department concerned / The administration / The authorities) (adopt/ optimize) (relevant / pertinent 相关的/ corresponding相应的 / effective / feasible / applicable/ timely) measures (campaign/ countermeasures / steps / actions) to (resolve/ address/ render/ adjust/ regulate/ ) the (complex / thorny / perplexing / vexing)(issue / matter).
4. 思维换说法
心理健康对于大学生来说很重要
Mental health is very important to college students.
让步加反说
(While it may be true that education for knowledge and skills is the key of college education), mental health education is (should be/ can be / deserves/ requires) also very (greatly/ hugely/ significantly/ strikingly) important// (not be downplayed/ overlooked/ ignored/ underestimated/ not less important/ secondary in importance) to college students (the young people/ those who are in pursuit of higher education).
让步，转折，加入插入语置中
各种技术发明使我们的时间更少了。
(Once upon a time, technology, we thought, would make our lives easier), inventions eats further into our time.
5. 增加句子字数
(There is no denying fact that / It is an undeniable fact that / it is widely accepted that) sole / major / primary / common)(university / young / our) (fully / as abundant as possible) (useful / professional / helpful / practical) (that are essential to their future career).
随着科技的发展，数字化产品得到越来越广泛的使用，例如 …
With the development of technology, digital products have been using widely. For example… 合并句子，名词替代动词，形容词或副词。
(With the development of technology) greatly promote( help/ facilitate/ contribute to/ give rise to/ magnify/ amplify/ intensify) in almost all areas in our social community, digital cameras, and teleconference facilities.
6. 以事物开头句子
互联网使我们很容易接触到全世界最新的资讯.
The Internet enables us to have easy access to the latest information worldwide.
比较：我们可以上网获取信息。
We can use the Internet to get information.
练习：
人们可以坐车自由出行。
We can go out to travel freely.
比较：
汽车，在很大程度上，使人们可以自由出行。
The automobile, to a great extent, promises people high level of personal mobility/ free travel.
分析范文（网络资源）。批判式取长补短，学改写
How to improve student's mental health
1、 大学生的心理健康十分重要2、 因此，学校可以...... 3、 我们自己应当......Students' mental health has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. Indeed, it is widely accepted that it has gained growing popularity among persons in all walks of life. There is a general discussion today about the issue of disorder in brains.
Obviously, it is necessary that effective actions should be taken to prevent problems. Authorities in universities play a critical role in the situation. To begin with, schools, such as
colleges or universities, can provide chances for the young men to ease their attention. What's more, some are physically strong, but psychological problems are able to bring potential threats. Teaches may have a chance to find them in advance. Besides, specialists in this field are to be required to make full preparation for cases in time. Facing the crisis, experts can deal with it in a professional way, which means they have more or better opportunities to save us than others. (学校)
From the factors mentioned above, we may safely draw the conclusion that we can free ourselves from mental illness by taking certain precautions. For example, if you have pains or
puzzles in mind, finding a friend to express these is a good way to release pressure. Certainly, there is little doubt that further attention will be paid to the issue.
北京新东方学校 王兆飞
There is no denying the fact that mental health is of great importance to college students. Nowadays, many students in college suffer from mental illness, which severely affects their life and study. Taking a look around, we can find examples too numerous to list. Reports are often heard that some students committed suicide or murdered their roommates. Typical examples include the case of Ma Jiajue and that of a girl stabbing her schoolmates.
篇三：雅思阅读-同义词替换汇总
雅思阅读中的同义词替换汇总
1 abandon, desert, forsake, leave, give up 动词，均有“放弃”之意
abandon〓强调永远或完全放弃或抛弃人或事物等，这可能是被迫的，也可能是自愿的。
desert〓着重指违背法律责任和义务，或自己的信仰与誓言的行为，多含非难的意味。
forsake〓侧重断绝感情上的依恋，自愿抛弃所喜欢的人或物。也指抛弃信仰或改掉恶习。
leave〓普通用词，指舍弃某事或某一职业，或终止同一某人的关系，但不涉及动机与果。
give up〓普通用语，侧重指没有希望或因外界压力而放弃。
2 ability, capacity, capability, genius, talent, competence, faculty, gift, aptitude ，名词，均有“能力”之意
ability〓普通用词，指人先天的或学来的各种能力。
capacity〓侧重指人的潜在能力，通常不指体力，多指才智，尤指接受与领悟能力。
capability〓多用于人，指胜任某项具体工作的能力，也指本身具有、尚未发挥的潜在能力。常与of或for连用。
genius〓语气最强，指天赋的高度才能与智力。
talent〓着重指人某方面具有可发展和倍养的突出天赋才能，但语意比genius弱。 competence〓正式用词，侧重指令人满意的业务能力与水平，达到胜任某项工作等的要求。 faculty〓指特殊的才能或智力。
gift〓着重个人的天赋的才能或在某方面的显著本领，常暗含不能用一般规律作解释的意味。 aptitude〓多指先天或后天习得的运用自如的能力，常暗示接受能力强，能迅速掌握一种学术训练或艺术技巧。
3 able, capable, competent，形容词，均有“有能力的”之意
able〓最常用词，多用于褒义，着重指多方面的，经常性的，或潜在性的能力。有时也指高超、非凡的能力。
capable〓语气弱于able，指有能力、有潜力或有条件做某事，常与of连用。 competent〓强调具有能胜任某项工作的足够技能或其它所需的条件。
4 abolish, cancel, repeal，动词，均有“取消，废止”之意
abolish〓正式用词，指彻底废除某种制度、规章或习俗。
cancel〓用法广泛，多指取消债务、合同、证书、比赛、旅行、计划或约会等。 repeal书面用词，指撤销立法机关通过的协议、法案或法律等。
5 absorb, suck, digest, incorporate，动词，均有“吸收”之意
absorb〓普通用词，词义广泛，既可指吸收光、热、液体等具体东西，又可指吸收知识等抽象概念的东西。
suck〓作“吸收”解时，可与absorb换用，但还可有“吮吸”之意。
digest〓侧重在消化道内改变食物的化学结构后被人体吸收。
incorporate〓指一物或多物与它物相融合，形成一整体。
6 absurd, ridiclous，形容词，均有 “荒唐的，可笑的”意思
absurd〓普通用词，强调指违背常理的荒谬。
ridiclous〓强调荒谬到令人发笑的地步。
7 abundant, plentiful, ample
abundant〓着重某物极为丰富有或大量的供应。
plentiful〓普通用词，指某物的数量多得称心如意，不过剩，但较少用于描写抽象之物。
ample〓指某物不仅满足了需要而且有余。
8 accident, incident, event, occurrence, happening，名词，有“事件”之意 accident〓强调偶然或意外发生的不幸事情。
incident〓既可指小事件或附带事件，又可指政治上具有影响的事件或事变。 event〓可指任何大小事件，但尤指历史上的重大事件。
occurrence和happening这两个词多指日常生活中发生的一般事件，有时也指偶然发生的事。
9 accompany, conduct, attend, escor，动词，均有“陪同，伴随”之意 accompany〓既可指人也可指物。用于人时，侧重关系紧密或同时发生。 conduct〓无论用于人或物均指引导带领。
attend〓侧重主从关系，即下级对上级，学生对老师等，或表恭、服侍。 escort〓通常指用车或人在陆上伴随、护送，其目的是保护或出于礼节。
10accordingly, consequently, hence, so, therefore, thus连接副词，均有“因此，所以”之意。
accordingly〓书面用词，强调根据某种原因而得出的结果，其前可用冒号或分号，但不用逗号。
consequently〓正式用词，侧重符合逻辑的结果。
hence〓较正式用词，指接下来的东西是理所当然的必需的东西，但强调其重要性。
so〓用于比较随便的场合，口语中多用。
therefore〓通常指引出一个推断出的必然结论。
thus〓多用于书面语中，可与therefore换用。
11 account, repor，名词，有“报道，叙述”之意。
account〓普通用词，不如report正式，侧重对亲身经历或目睹之事所作的书面或口头的报道或叙述。
report〓正式用词，多指报刊上的报道，强调对情况经过调查或审核后作出的详尽叙述，具有一定权威性。
12 accumulate, amass, collect, gather, heap, pile，动词，“积聚，聚集，积累” accumulate〓几乎可用于指任何事物量的增加，侧重连续不断地，一点一滴地聚积。
amass〓着重大量地积聚，尤指对如金钱、珠宝等有价值东西的大量积聚。 collect〓普通用词，多用于指物，侧重指有区别地作选择或有安排有计划地把零散物集中起来。
gather〓普通用词，指人或物或抽象事物都可用。侧重于围绕一个中心的集合、聚集。
heap〓主要指把沙、石、煤、草等堆高，不强调整齐。
pile〓着重指比较整齐地把东西堆积在一起。
13 accurate, exact, precise, right, true, correct，形容词，“准确的，正确的” accurate〓指通过谨慎的努力达到符合事实或实际，侧重不同程度的准确性，与事实
出入。
exact〓着重在质与量方面的准确，语气比accurate强。
precise〓侧重极端准确，更强调细节的精确无误。
right〓使用广泛，可与这些词中的correct换用，但常暗示道德、理解、行动等方面的正确。 true〓暗指绝对准确，尤指复制品与原件丝毫不差。
correct〓最常用词，主要指按一定标准或规则来衡量，没有谬误和差错或无缺点错误。
14 accuse, charge，动词，“指控、谴责”。
accuse〓普通(本文来自：WWW.xiaocaoFanwEn.cOM 小草范文网:旨在的同义词)用词，正式或非正式场合，私人或法律上均可用。被指控的情节可轻可重。常与of连用。
charge〓常与accuse换用，但charge多指较严重的错误或罪行，而且往往向法庭提出正式起诉。
15 ache, pain, sore，名词，均含有“疼、疼痛”之意。
ache〓指人体某一器官较持久的疼痛，常常是隐痛。
pain〓可与ache换用，但pain既可指一般疼痛，也可指剧痛，疼痛范围可以是局部或全身，时间可长可短。也可引申指精神上的痛苦。
sore〓指身体某部位的痛处，有是也指精神上的痛苦。
16 acknowledge, admit, confess, recognize, concede，动词，均含“承认”之意。 acknowledge〓通常指公开承认某事的真实情况或自己的过错。
admit〓强调因外力或良心驱使或经判断而明确承认，多含不情愿或被迫意味。 confess〓语气较强，着重承认自己意识到的错误或罪行，含坦白忏悔的意味。 recognize〓作“承认”解时，系书面用词，主要指合法的或外交上的承认，也指公认。
concede〓指在事实与证据面前勉强或不得不承认。
17 acquire, obtain, gain, get, win, earn, secure，动词，均含“获得、取得、得到”。 acquire〓强调通过不断的、持续的努力而获得某物，也指日积月累地渐渐地获得。书面语用词。
obtain〓较正式用词，着重通过巨大努力、要求而得到所需或盼望已久的东西。 gain〓侧重指经过努力或有意识行动而取得某种成就或获得某种利益或好处。 get〓普通用词，使用广泛，可指以任何方式得到某物，也不一定要经过努力。 win〓主要指通过努力、斗争、比赛等而获得胜利。 earn〓侧重指依靠自己的劳动或因付出代价与有功而获得。
secure〓强调要通过努力或竞争，或需要付出代价才能获得所渴望的东西。
18action, deed, operation, performance，名词，含“行为、行动”之意。 act〓一般指具体的、短暂的或个别的行为，强调行为的完成及其效果。
action〓普通用词，着重行动的过程。 deed〓较庄重用词，除泛指各种行为外，还可用于指某种高尚或伟大的行为，故常译作“功绩，业绩”。
operation〓多指一连串行动或行为的完成方式。
performance〓主要指行动的方式方法。
19 active, energetic, vigorous, brisk, lively，形容词，均有“积极的，活跃的”之意。
active〓指有活动能力，强调与消极或休止相反的积极活动状态。
energetic〓提精力充沛、奋力从事某事业。
vigorous〓指不仅表现积极、有生气，而且固有精力和活力十分旺盛。 brisk〓指动作敏捷、充满活力、轻快活泼地从事某项工作或活动。
lively〓侧重支轮船快，机智，有生气。
20 actor, player, performer，名词，均有“演员”之意
actor〓指在舞台剧、电影、电视剧或广播剧中以演出为职业的男演员，侧重扮演的角色。 player〓侧重指职业或业余舞台演员。
performer〓使用广泛，不仅可指舞台或影视演员，而且可指舞蹈演员、乐器演奏等的演员，侧重在观众面前的实际表演。
21 adapt, adjust, conform, accommodate, suit, fit,动词,均有“使适合，适应” adapt〓指人或物在原有情况下作某些改变以适应新的环境或不同的条件，强调改变的目的和重要性。
adjust与adapt含义很接近，但adjust所改变的幅度要小一些，侧重过程，主要用于调整角度、高度、光点等。
conform〓多指与某模式或规则相符，也引申指改变习惯等以适应新的环境。 accommodate〓书面用词，指以外部条件标准改变自己或某事以求得适应，着重改变或调节的有利。
suit〓指适合要求，从而使人满意愉快。
fit〓含义广，指人或物适合或适应某一目的或用途。
22 addition, appendix, attachment, supplement, accessory,名词, “附加物、增加物”。
addition〓仅强调数量的增加。
appendix〓指书末的附录。
attachment〓指用于扩大原物用途的附件。
supplement〓主要指使书、报等正广更完善而额外增加的部分。
accessory〓作“附件”解时，与attachment同义，可互换，但还指增加美观的附属品。
23 additional, extra, supplementary,形容词,均有“另加的，额外的”之意。 additional〓由名词additon派生出的形容词，指在原有基础上添加上去的。 extra〓指不包括本身而额外加上去的部分。
supplementary〓由名词supplement派生而来，指对原有的追加或补究。
24 address, greet, salute, hail, welcome,动词,均有“欢迎、致敬，致意，招呼”意。 address〓侧重打招呼的方式或指所使用的称谓。
greet〓常指友好而热诚地欢迎。
salute〓正式用词，指用敬礼、亲吻或挥帽等动作向他人致意或问候，尤指以某种礼节欢迎某人。
hail〓主要指怀着敬意欢迎某人，侧重欢快轻松和嘈杂。也指隔得较远的高声招呼。
welcome〓多指热情的官方的或正式的迎接或欢迎，但也指一般的欢迎。
25 address, speech, lecture, oration, report, talk,名词,均含“演讲，讲话，报告” address〓正式用词，指在庄严隆重的场合作精心准备的演讲或正式演说。
speech〓普通用词，指一般的发言或讲话，可以是事先准备的，也可以是即席的。 lecture〓侧重带学术性的演讲。
oration〓常指在特殊场合，辞藻华丽，形式庄重，旨在激发听众感情的正式演说。 report〓一般是指下级给上级或负责人给委托机关的书面或口头报告。 talk〓常用词，强调非正式讲话，讲话方式一般较为自由。
26 adequate, enough, sufficient 这些形容词均含“足够的，充足的”之意。 adequate〓指数量上足够，质量上适当。
enough〓最普通用词，口语、书面语可用，较侧重分量或数量的足够，多指希望的满足。
sufficient〓正式用词，侧重数目或数量或程度达到某一特定要求或需要。
27 admire, honour, respect, regard, esteem,动词,均含“尊重、钦佩”之意 admire〓侧重指对某人或某物的仰慕、钦佩，并含欣赏爱慕之情。
honour〓侧重指对某人或某物表示极大的敬意。
respect〓指对人的行为、品德、才华或成就等的仰慕尊重。尤指对年长或地位高的人的尊敬。
regard〓最正式用词，中性，含义不很明确，一般需用修饰语加强或明确其意。 esteem〓除表示尊敬之外，还暗示由此而产生的称赞。
28 advise, caution, warn, admonish, counsel,动词,均有“劝告、忠告、警告”之意。 advise〓普通用词，泛指劝告，不涉及对方是否听从劝告。
caution〓主要指针对有潜在危险而提出的警告，含小心从事的意味。 warn〓含义与caution相同，但语气较重，尤指重后果。
admonish〓一般指年长者或领导对已犯错误的或有过失的人提出的忠告或警告以避免类似错误。
counsel〓正式用词，语气比advise强一些，侧重指对重要问题提出的劝告、建议或咨询。
29 adult, grown-up, mature,形容词,均有“成年的，成熟的”之意。
adult〓一般指生理上的童年期已结束，达到法定年龄。
grown-up〓多用于口语，含义与adult基本相同，但更侧重脱离儿童阶段，已成大人，与childish意思相反。
mature〓用于生物时，指完全长好了。用于人时，指达到了生命的黄金时期，但