篇一：新闻英语文体的特点及其汉译
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新闻英语文体的特点及其汉译
作者：蒋樱
来源：《考试周刊》2013年第49期
摘 要： 新闻英语是现代英语中常见的实用文体之一，其语体种类广泛。本文介绍了新闻英语文体的词汇特点和句式特点，并通过分析新闻英语文体的汉译要点，对新闻英语的翻译方法进行了探索。
关键词： 新闻英语 文体 词汇 句式 汉译
1.新闻文体概述
英语新闻报刊中使用的语体种类比较广泛，比较丰富多样。报刊中的文章体裁通常包括新闻报道、新闻电讯、社论、特写、学术性或科技性文章、文艺性作品、广告类文字材料等。因此，统一的新闻报刊文体实际上是不存在的（刘宓庆，1998）。总的来说，英美新闻理论根据体式的纪实性将新闻文体分为三个阶梯。第一阶梯为新闻电讯和报道（News Reporting），或称（Pure Soft News），“纪实性”最强。第二阶梯范围最广，“纪实性”与“娱乐性”兼而有之。该阶梯中各式各样的文章在英美报刊中有一个含义比较广泛的名称，即特写（Feature
Articles）。特写的形式繁多，一般有新闻专题报道（News Stories）、采访（Interviews）、人物介绍（Personal Profiles）、每周专文（Weekly Essays）、评述或杂议（Opinion Pieces），等等。第三阶梯为纯软性新闻（Pure Soft News），“纪实性”最弱，“娱乐性”最强。
2.新闻英语文体的词汇特点
新闻的读者对象是广大群众，读者越多就越显得成功。在英语新闻中，我们经常发现一些新造的词，从某种意义上来说，新闻文体是时髦用词的一个发源地。媒体通过用五花八门的构词法接连不断地演变、创作出一个又一个新词，为新闻增加新鲜感，出奇制胜，反映世界日新月异的变化。
2.1旧词赋新义
为了追求新奇以吸引读者的耳目，达到简明和节约版面的效果，新闻类文体中新词频出。通过词义延伸和借用社会各界的行业用语及外来词语表达新的含义。例如：
①The sea-saw period in China’s economic development may now come to an end. （Financial Times，November 23， 1982）
sea-saw原意为“跷跷板”，一种儿童游戏玩具，但此处却把词义延伸为上下或前后摆动，即“不稳定”。
篇二：论新闻英语的文体特征
摘要
新闻英语具有自己鲜明的特点，在英语新闻报刊中经常使用一些习语、俚语、借代以及一些新造词，容易使读者不得要领。如果没有基本的新闻常识，不掌握一定的新闻英语的基本特征，就很难完全理解新闻英语。为了让英语学习者更准确地理解新闻英语的内容，本文从关联理论出发，主要围绕硬性新闻展开，研究新闻英语的语法特征、词汇特征、语义特征，探讨新闻英语的文体特征，从而使读者掌握一些阅读新闻英语的策略。
关键词: 新闻英语；文体；文体特征
Abstract
News English has its own vivid features. Idioms, slang, metonymies and new words are often used in English newspapers. Readers have difficulty in comprehending the News English totally, if they have no basic knowledge of news, and do not master some features of News English. In order to make English learners understand the News English more accurately, this paper is based on Relevance and mainly focuses its attention on English hard news, and it discusses the grammatical features of News English, lexical features of News English and semantic features of News English.
Key words: News English; stylistics ; stylistic feature
CONTENTS
摘要 .................................................................................................... 1
Abstract .............................................................................................. 2
Chapter 1 Introduction ...................................................................... 4
Chapter 2 Literature Review.............................................................. 3
2.1 News and News English ............................................................ 3
2.2 Stylistics Features ..................................................................... 4
Chapter 3 Theoretical Background .................................................... 6
3.1 Definition of Relevance and Degrees of Relevance .................... 6
3.2 Principle of Relevance .............................................................. 7
Chapter 4 Stylistic Features of News English ..................................... 9
4.1 Grammatical Features of News English ..................................... 9
4.1.1 Heavy Use of Pre-modification ....................................... 12
4.1.2 Appositive ...................................................................... 13
4.1.3 Participle Phrase ............................... 错误！未定义书签。
4.1.4 Ellipsis ........................................................................... 14
4.2 Lexical Features of News English ............................................ 18
4.2.1 Use of Short Words......................................................... 18
4.2.2 Use of Acronyms ............................................................ 16
4.2.3 Use of Abbreviations ...................................................... 17
4.3 Semantic Features of News English ......................................... 18
4.3.1 Rhetorical Devices ......................................................... 18
4.3.2 Discourse Pattern............................................................ 19
4.3.3 Transitions ..................................................................... 23
Chapter 5 Conclusion ....................................................................... 25
Bibliography..................................................................................... 23
Acknowledgements........................................................................... 24
Chapter 1 Introduction
With the development of society and widespread cooperation among countries, various media devote themselves to take the responsibility of information transference. Many of us have taken an interest in reading news on web sites or in newspapers. Most of us read newspapers to get to know about what is happening around us, in other parts of the country and throughout the world. Nowadays, international news is becoming an important window to the outside world. Everyone in the modern society is inevitably influenced more or less by the mass media. The effects of mass media influence people’s actions, ideas, cultures and language.
Many new developments in language and new things brought by the society often take their first appearances in News English. It is quick, timely and easy to catch our eyes. In reality, when reading News English, many readers have found that News English is quite different from so called “standard English”, although they are in the same language-English. News English, which is based on normal English, has its unique principles. We will make it easy to fully understand the information by mastering these principles. Therefore, News English is necessary not only to journalists but also to us English learners. Perhaps English newspapers are the best materials to learn modern English. Many readers take international news as an important window to the outside
world. We can arrange our daily life through reading news. Many Chinese readers read English news reporting in order to study English, improve their reading comprehension and increase their quality of word. Consequently, the comprehension of the features of News English is definitely helpful. This paper mainly focuses its attention on English hard news to study stylistics features of News English.
The paper consists of five chapters. Chapter One mainly gives the introduction of the ent ire passage. After a brief introduction, Chapter Two gives a brief introduction to news, News English and stylistic, including the definition of news and News English, and its stylistic features. Chapter Three presents the theoretical background of the paper, reviews the theory of stylistics. It focuses on Relevance Theory. In Chapter Four, the stylistic features of News English are discussed. The paper is mainly discussing three aspects of stylistic features: grammatical features, lexical features and semantic features. Chapter Five as the conclusion gives a summary of those features that have been discussed in the previous parts of the paper. In this paper, the author will make an overall analysis of the language employed in hard news from the perspective of the stylistic analysis. This kind of news comes from American newspapers, English newspapers and online news.
篇三：浅谈广播新闻英语的文体特征
浅谈广播新闻英语的文体特征
[摘 要]广播新闻英语是新闻传播的一种很重要的方式,本文分析了广播新闻英语的词汇特征、句法特征。
[关键词]广播新闻英语;词汇特征;句法特征
1 广播新闻英语的词汇特征
1.1 多数时候使用贴近生活的常用词汇
广播新闻和报刊新闻不一样,一般情况下是不能重复收听的。而且,电波的状态会受气候、距离等的影响使收听效果不好,所以广播新闻的用词通常都较为简单。
1.2 缩略词汇的取舍得体
人们熟悉一个缩略词的时候就不写全称,不熟悉的时候才给出全称。国际广播电台对缩略词的处理最普遍和常用的方式是在同一次的新闻报道中采取全称与缩写并用的方式。
1.3 为了便于理解和记忆,有的时候会使用一些临时创造和组合的词
临时创造和组合的新词一般比较生动形象,新颖有趣,比普通词语更富于表现力。往往很容易给人留下深刻的印象,在表达效果上也符合广播新闻英语的特殊需要,因而使用新颖、形象生动的临时词汇成为广播新闻英语在词汇使用方面的一大特色。比如:VIP=Very Important Person, mike=microphone, flu=influenza.